brainy/src/vfs/VirtualFileSystem.ts
David Snelling c0f6ccd958 fix: recover VFS content blobs stranded by a 7→8 upgrade, in place on open
The 7.x branch system stored Virtual Filesystem content as blobs in its
copy-on-write area (`_cow/`). 8.0 removed that system and stores content blobs
in the content-addressed store (`_cas/`), but the one-time layout migration only
moves entities — it never adopted the `_cow/` content blobs. A store that used
the VFS was left with every VFS-backed read throwing "Blob metadata not found"
and its pages 500ing, with no first-party recovery and the pre-upgrade backup
already removed on entity-migration "success".

Add an on-open recovery pass (`autoAdoptLegacyVfsBlobsIfNeeded`) that runs right
after the layout migration and adopts every orphaned `_cow/` blob into `_cas/` —
copying both the bytes and the metadata via the raw object primitives,
idempotently and non-destructively (the `_cow/` originals are never deleted). It
is a separate phase, not folded into the migration, so it also heals a store
already upgraded by an earlier 8.0.x that stranded the blobs (whose layout-
migration marker is stamped): it is gated on the presence of `_cow/` and its own
`_system/vfs-blob-adoption.json` marker. Filesystem-only; native-8.0 and non-VFS
stores no-op on a cheap existence check.

- `BaseStorage.adoptLegacyCowBlobs()` — the scan/copy primitive, returning
  `{ cowBlobs, adopted, alreadyPresent, incomplete }`; skips (does not half-adopt)
  a blob missing its bytes or metadata.
- `brain.vfs.adoptOrphanedBlobs()` — the explicit force path; self-initializes.
- Backup retention: the automatic pre-upgrade backup is now kept if any blob
  can't be fully adopted (`incomplete > 0`), instead of being removed on
  entity-migration success alone — a blob-parity gate the migration signal
  cannot provide.

Adds an end-to-end integration test (storage-level adopt with idempotency and
incomplete handling; self-heal on reopen; the explicit API) and an upgrade guide.
2026-07-07 12:23:36 -07:00

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/**
* Virtual Filesystem Implementation
*
* Virtual filesystem built on Brainy
* Real code, no mocks, actual working implementation
*/
import { Readable, Writable } from 'stream'
import crypto from 'crypto'
import { v4 as uuidv4 } from '../universal/uuid.js'
import { Brainy } from '../brainy.js'
import { Entity, AddParams, RelateParams, FindParams, Relation } from '../types/brainy.types.js'
import { NounType, VerbType } from '../types/graphTypes.js'
import { PathResolver } from './PathResolver.js'
import { mimeDetector } from './MimeTypeDetector.js'
import {
SemanticPathResolver,
ProjectionRegistry,
ConceptProjection,
AuthorProjection,
TemporalProjection,
RelationshipProjection,
SimilarityProjection,
TagProjection
} from './semantic/index.js'
// Knowledge Layer can remain as optional augmentation for now
import {
IVirtualFileSystem,
VFSConfig,
VFSEntity,
VFSMetadata,
VFSStats,
VFSDirent,
VFSTodo,
VFSError,
VFSErrorCode,
WriteOptions,
ReadOptions,
MkdirOptions,
ReaddirOptions,
CopyOptions,
SearchOptions,
SearchResult,
SimilarOptions,
RelatedOptions,
ReadStreamOptions,
WriteStreamOptions,
WatchListener
} from './types.js'
/**
* Main Virtual Filesystem Implementation
*
* This is REAL, production-ready code that:
* - Maps filesystem operations to Brainy entities
* - Uses graph relationships for directory structure
* - Provides semantic search and AI features
* - Scales to millions of files
*/
export class VirtualFileSystem implements IVirtualFileSystem {
private brain: Brainy
private pathResolver!: SemanticPathResolver
private projectionRegistry!: ProjectionRegistry
private config: Required<Omit<VFSConfig, 'rootEntityId'>> & { rootEntityId?: string }
private rootEntityId?: string
private initialized = false
private currentUser: string = 'system' // Track current user for collaboration
// Knowledge Layer features available via augmentation (brain.use('knowledge'))
// Caches for performance
private contentCache: Map<string, { data: Buffer, timestamp: number }>
private statCache: Map<string, { stats: VFSStats, timestamp: number }>
// Watch system
private watchers: Map<string, Set<WatchListener>>
// Background task timer
private backgroundTimer: NodeJS.Timeout | null = null
// Mutex for preventing race conditions in directory creation
private mkdirLocks: Map<string, Promise<void>> = new Map()
// Singleton promise for root initialization (prevents duplicate roots)
private rootInitPromise: Promise<string> | null = null
// Fixed VFS root ID (prevents duplicates across instances)
// Uses deterministic UUID format for storage compatibility
private static readonly VFS_ROOT_ID = '00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000'
/**
* Construct a VFS bound to a Brainy instance.
*
* The VFS stores every file and directory as a Brainy entity and models the
* directory tree with graph relationships. No I/O happens here — call
* {@link init} (or rely on `brain.init()`, which auto-initializes the VFS)
* before using any filesystem operation.
*
* @param brain - The Brainy instance backing this filesystem. When omitted, a
* fresh `new Brainy()` is created and owned by this VFS.
*/
constructor(brain?: Brainy) {
this.brain = brain || new Brainy()
this.contentCache = new Map()
this.statCache = new Map()
this.watchers = new Map()
// Default configuration (will be overridden in init)
this.config = this.getDefaultConfig()
}
/**
* Access to BlobStorage for unified file storage
*/
private get blobStorage() {
// Bracket access reaches Brainy's private `storage` field; `blobStorage`
// is a public (optional) member of BaseStorage, set during brain.init().
const storage = this.brain['storage']
if (!storage?.blobStorage) {
throw new Error(
'BlobStorage not available. The storage adapter must run ' +
'initializeBlobStorage() before the VFS is used (brain.init() does this).'
)
}
return storage.blobStorage
}
/**
* Initialize the VFS
*/
async init(config?: VFSConfig): Promise<void> {
if (this.initialized) return
// Merge config with defaults
this.config = { ...this.getDefaultConfig(), ...config }
// VFS is now auto-initialized during brain.init()
// Brain is guaranteed to be initialized when this is called
// Removed brain.init() check to prevent infinite recursion
// Create or find root entity
this.rootEntityId = await this.initializeRoot()
// Clean up old UUID-based roots (one-time migration)
await this.cleanupOldRoots()
// Initialize projection registry with auto-discovery of built-in projections
this.projectionRegistry = new ProjectionRegistry()
this.registerBuiltInProjections()
// Initialize semantic path resolver (zero-config, uses brain.config)
this.pathResolver = new SemanticPathResolver(
this.brain,
this, // Pass VFS instance for resolvePath
this.rootEntityId,
this.projectionRegistry
)
// Knowledge Layer is now a separate augmentation
// Enable with: brain.use('knowledge')
// Start background tasks
this.startBackgroundTasks()
this.initialized = true
}
/**
* Create or find the root directory entity
*/
/**
* Auto-register built-in projection strategies
* Zero-config: All semantic dimensions work out of the box
*/
private registerBuiltInProjections(): void {
const projections = [
ConceptProjection,
AuthorProjection,
TemporalProjection,
RelationshipProjection,
SimilarityProjection,
TagProjection
]
for (const ProjectionClass of projections) {
try {
this.projectionRegistry.register(new ProjectionClass())
} catch (err) {
// Silently skip if already registered (e.g., in tests)
if (!(err instanceof Error && err.message.includes('already registered'))) {
throw err
}
}
}
}
/**
* CRITICAL FIX - Prevent duplicate root creation
* Uses singleton promise pattern to ensure only ONE root initialization
* happens even with concurrent init() calls
*/
private async initializeRoot(): Promise<string> {
// If initialization already in progress, wait for it (automatic mutex)
if (this.rootInitPromise) {
return await this.rootInitPromise
}
// Start initialization and cache the promise
this.rootInitPromise = this.doInitializeRoot()
try {
const rootId = await this.rootInitPromise
return rootId
} catch (error) {
// On error, clear promise so retry is possible
this.rootInitPromise = null
throw error
}
// NOTE: On success, we intentionally keep the promise cached
// This prevents re-initialization and serves as a cache
}
/**
* Atomic root initialization with fixed ID
* Uses deterministic ID to prevent duplicates across all VFS instances
*
* ARCHITECTURAL FIX: Instead of query-then-create (race condition),
* we use a fixed ID so storage-level uniqueness prevents duplicates.
*/
private async doInitializeRoot(): Promise<string> {
const rootId = VirtualFileSystem.VFS_ROOT_ID
// Try to get existing root by fixed ID (O(1) lookup, not query)
try {
const existingRoot = await this.brain.get(rootId)
if (existingRoot) {
// Root exists - verify metadata is correct
const metadata = existingRoot.metadata || existingRoot
if (!metadata.vfsType || metadata.vfsType !== 'directory') {
console.warn('⚠️ VFS: Root metadata incomplete, repairing...')
await this.brain.update({
id: rootId,
// Re-assert system visibility on repair so a pre-8.0 root (created before the
// tier existed) is moved out of the default-visible counts/find() too.
visibility: 'system',
metadata: this.getRootMetadata()
})
}
return rootId
}
} catch (error) {
// Root doesn't exist yet - proceed to creation
}
// Create root with fixed ID (idempotent - fails gracefully if exists)
try {
console.log('VFS: Creating root directory (fixed ID: 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000)')
await this.brain.add({
id: rootId, // Fixed ID - storage ensures uniqueness
data: '/',
type: NounType.Collection,
subtype: 'vfs-root', // Standard subtype for the VFS root collection (7.30+)
// visibility 'system' (8.0): the VFS root is Brainy's own plumbing, not user data,
// so it is hidden everywhere by default (getNounCount()/find()/stats()) and surfaces
// only via find({ includeSystem: true }). 'system' is intentionally not part of the
// public AddParams.visibility union ('public' | 'internal') — this is the single
// sanctioned internal setter, hence the cast.
visibility: 'system' as 'public' | 'internal',
metadata: this.getRootMetadata()
})
return rootId
} catch (error: any) {
// If creation failed due to duplicate ID, another instance created it
// This is normal in concurrent scenarios - just return the fixed ID
const errorMsg = error?.message?.toLowerCase() || ''
if (errorMsg.includes('already exists') ||
errorMsg.includes('duplicate') ||
errorMsg.includes('eexist')) {
console.log('VFS: Root already created by another instance, using existing')
return rootId
}
// Unexpected error
throw error
}
}
/**
* Get standard root metadata
* Centralized to ensure consistency
*/
private getRootMetadata(): VFSMetadata {
return {
path: '/',
name: '',
vfsType: 'directory',
isVFS: true,
isVFSEntity: true,
size: 0,
permissions: 0o755,
owner: 'root',
group: 'root',
accessed: Date.now(),
modified: Date.now()
}
}
/**
* Cleanup old UUID-based VFS roots
* Called during init to remove duplicate roots created before fixed-ID fix
*
* This is a one-time migration helper that can be removed in future versions.
*/
private async cleanupOldRoots(): Promise<void> {
try {
// Find any old VFS roots with UUID-based IDs (not our fixed ID)
const oldRoots = await this.brain.find({
type: NounType.Collection,
where: {
path: '/',
vfsType: 'directory'
},
limit: 100,
excludeVFS: false
})
// Filter out our fixed-ID root
const duplicates = oldRoots.filter(r => r.id !== VirtualFileSystem.VFS_ROOT_ID)
if (duplicates.length > 0) {
console.log(`VFS: Found ${duplicates.length} old UUID-based root(s), cleaning up...`)
for (const duplicate of duplicates) {
try {
await this.brain.remove(duplicate.id)
console.log(`VFS: Deleted old root ${duplicate.id.substring(0, 8)}`)
} catch (error) {
console.warn(`VFS: Failed to delete old root ${duplicate.id}:`, error)
}
}
console.log('VFS: Cleanup complete - all old roots removed')
}
} catch (error) {
// Non-critical error - log and continue
console.warn('VFS: Cleanup of old roots failed (non-critical):', error)
}
}
/**
* @description Recover VFS content blobs orphaned by a 7→8 upgrade. 7.x stored
* VFS blobs under the copy-on-write area (`_cow/`) of the branch/versioning
* system that 8.0 removed; a brain upgraded before the migration adopted them
* reads a stranded blob and throws "Blob metadata not found" (every page
* backed by it 500s). This adopts every orphaned `_cow/` blob into the 8.0
* content-addressed store (`_cas/`) IN PLACE — no snapshot restore — then
* clears the VFS caches so the recovered content reads live immediately.
*
* Idempotent and non-destructive: blobs already adopted are skipped and the
* `_cow/` originals are never deleted (a re-run or rollback stays possible).
* Safe to run on a healthy or native-8.0 brain (returns zeros). Delegates to
* {@link BaseStorage.adoptLegacyCowBlobs}.
*
* @returns `{ cowBlobs, adopted, alreadyPresent, incomplete }` counts.
* @example
* const brain = new Brainy({ storage: { type: 'filesystem', path: '/data/brain' } })
* await brain.init()
* const r = await brain.vfs.adoptOrphanedBlobs()
* console.log(`Adopted ${r.adopted} stranded VFS blobs; ${r.alreadyPresent} already present.`)
*/
async adoptOrphanedBlobs(): Promise<{
cowBlobs: number
adopted: number
alreadyPresent: number
incomplete: number
}> {
// The recovery scan works on raw storage objects, so it only needs the
// brain's storage wired up — not the VFS's own init. brain.init() is
// idempotent (a no-op on an already-open brain) and, on a cold brain,
// sets up storage AND runs the on-open auto-adoption itself; the explicit
// scan below is then the idempotent "force re-scan" equivalent.
await this.brain.init()
const storage = this.brain['storage'] as unknown as
| { adoptLegacyCowBlobs?: () => Promise<{ cowBlobs: number; adopted: number; alreadyPresent: number; incomplete: number }> }
| undefined
if (!storage || typeof storage.adoptLegacyCowBlobs !== 'function') {
return { cowBlobs: 0, adopted: 0, alreadyPresent: 0, incomplete: 0 }
}
const result = await storage.adoptLegacyCowBlobs()
// Drop any cached content/stat so a re-read hits the freshly adopted blobs.
this.contentCache.clear()
this.statCache.clear()
return result
}
// ============= File Operations =============
/**
* Read a file's content
*/
async readFile(path: string, options?: ReadOptions): Promise<Buffer> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
// Check cache first
if (options?.cache !== false && this.contentCache.has(path)) {
const cached = this.contentCache.get(path)!
if (Date.now() - cached.timestamp < (this.config.cache?.ttl || 300000)) {
return cached.data
}
}
// Resolve path to entity
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(entityId)
// Verify it's a file
if (entity.metadata.vfsType !== 'file') {
throw new VFSError(VFSErrorCode.EISDIR, `Is a directory: ${path}`, path, 'readFile')
}
// Unified blob storage - ONE path only
if (!entity.metadata.storage?.type || entity.metadata.storage.type !== 'blob') {
throw new VFSError(
VFSErrorCode.EIO,
`File has no blob storage: ${path}. Requires blob storage format.`,
path,
'readFile'
)
}
// CRITICAL FIX - Isolate blob errors from VFS tree corruption
// Blob read errors MUST NOT cascade to VFS tree structure
try {
// Read from BlobStorage (handles decompression automatically)
const content = await this.blobStorage.read(entity.metadata.storage.hash)
// REMOVED updateAccessTime() for performance
// Access time updates caused 50-100ms GCS write on EVERY file read
// Modern file systems use 'noatime' for same reason (performance)
// Field 'accessed' still exists in metadata for backward compat but won't update
// await this.updateAccessTime(entityId) // ← REMOVED
// Cache the content
if (options?.cache !== false) {
this.contentCache.set(path, { data: content, timestamp: Date.now() })
}
// Apply encoding if requested
if (options?.encoding) {
return Buffer.from(content.toString(options.encoding))
}
return content
} catch (blobError) {
// Blob error isolated - VFS tree structure remains intact
const errorMsg = blobError instanceof Error ? blobError.message : String(blobError)
console.error(`VFS: Cannot read blob for ${path}:`, errorMsg)
// Throw VFSError (not blob error) - prevents cascading corruption
throw new VFSError(
VFSErrorCode.EIO,
`File read failed: ${errorMsg}`,
path,
'readFile'
)
}
}
/**
* Write a file
*/
async writeFile(path: string, data: Buffer | string, options?: WriteOptions): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
// Convert string to buffer
const buffer = Buffer.isBuffer(data) ? data : Buffer.from(data, options?.encoding)
// Check size limits
if (this.config.limits?.maxFileSize && buffer.length > this.config.limits.maxFileSize) {
throw new VFSError(VFSErrorCode.ENOSPC, `File too large: ${buffer.length} bytes`, path, 'writeFile')
}
// Parse path to get parent and name
const parentPath = this.getParentPath(path)
const name = this.getBasename(path)
// Ensure parent directory exists
const parentId = await this.ensureDirectory(parentPath)
// Check if file already exists
let existingId: string | null = null
try {
existingId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path, { cache: false })
// Verify the entity still exists in the brain
const existing = await this.brain.get(existingId)
if (!existing) {
existingId = null // Entity was deleted but cache wasn't cleared
}
} catch (err) {
// File doesn't exist, which is fine
existingId = null
}
// Detect MIME type BEFORE the blob write so the store's auto-compression
// policy can skip zstd for already-compressed media (JPEG, MP4, ZIP, …).
const mimeType = mimeDetector.detectMimeType(name, buffer)
// Unified blob storage for ALL files (no size-based branching)
// Store in BlobStorage (content-addressable, auto-deduplication)
const blobHash = await this.blobStorage.write(buffer, { mimeType })
// Get blob metadata (size, compression info)
const blobMetadata = await this.blobStorage.getMetadata(blobHash)
const storageStrategy: VFSMetadata['storage'] = {
type: 'blob',
hash: blobHash,
size: buffer.length,
compressed: blobMetadata ? blobMetadata.compression !== 'none' : undefined
}
// Create metadata
const metadata: VFSMetadata = {
path,
name,
parent: parentId,
vfsType: 'file',
isVFS: true, // Mark as VFS entity (internal)
isVFSEntity: true, // Explicit flag for developer filtering
size: buffer.length,
mimeType,
extension: this.getExtension(name),
permissions: options?.mode || this.config.permissions?.defaultFile || 0o644,
owner: 'user', // In production, get from auth context
group: 'users',
accessed: Date.now(),
modified: Date.now(),
storage: storageStrategy
// No rawData - content is in BlobStorage
// Backward compatibility: readFile() checks for rawData for legacy files
}
// Extract additional metadata if enabled
if (this.config.intelligence?.autoExtract && options?.extractMetadata !== false) {
Object.assign(metadata, await this.extractMetadata(buffer, mimeType))
}
if (existingId) {
// Update existing file
// No entity.data - content is in BlobStorage
await this.brain.update({
id: existingId,
metadata
})
// Ensure Contains relationship exists (fix for missing relationships)
const existingRelations = await this.brain.related({
from: parentId,
to: existingId,
type: VerbType.Contains
})
// Create relationship if it doesn't exist
if (existingRelations.length === 0) {
await this.brain.relate({
from: parentId,
to: existingId,
type: VerbType.Contains,
subtype: 'vfs-contains', // Standard subtype for VFS containment edges (7.30+)
metadata: { isVFS: true } // Mark as VFS relationship
})
}
} else {
// Create new file entity
// For embedding: use text content, for storage: use raw data
const embeddingData = mimeDetector.isTextFile(mimeType) ? buffer.toString('utf-8') : `File: ${name} (${mimeType}, ${buffer.length} bytes)`
const entity = await this.brain.add({
data: embeddingData, // Always provide string for embeddings
type: this.getFileNounType(mimeType),
subtype: 'vfs-file', // Standard subtype for VFS file entities (7.30+)
metadata
})
// Create parent-child relationship (no need to check for duplicates on new entities)
await this.brain.relate({
from: parentId,
to: entity,
type: VerbType.Contains,
subtype: 'vfs-contains', // Standard subtype for VFS containment edges (7.30+)
metadata: { isVFS: true } // Mark as VFS relationship
})
// Update path resolver cache
await this.pathResolver.createPath(path, entity)
}
// Invalidate caches
this.invalidateCaches(path)
// Trigger watchers
this.triggerWatchers(path, existingId ? 'change' : 'rename')
// Knowledge Layer hooks will be added by augmentation if enabled
// Knowledge Layer hooks will be added by augmentation if enabled
}
/**
* Append to a file
*/
async appendFile(path: string, data: Buffer | string, options?: WriteOptions): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
// Read existing content
let existing: Buffer
try {
existing = await this.readFile(path)
} catch (err) {
// File doesn't exist, create it
return this.writeFile(path, data, options)
}
// Append new data
const newData = Buffer.isBuffer(data) ? data : Buffer.from(data, options?.encoding)
const combined = Buffer.concat([existing, newData])
// Write combined content
await this.writeFile(path, combined, options)
}
/**
* Delete a file
*/
async unlink(path: string): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(entityId)
// Verify it's a file
if (entity.metadata.vfsType !== 'file') {
throw new VFSError(VFSErrorCode.EISDIR, `Is a directory: ${path}`, path, 'unlink')
}
// Delete blob from BlobStorage (decrements ref count)
if (entity.metadata.storage?.type === 'blob') {
await this.blobStorage.delete(entity.metadata.storage.hash)
}
// Delete the entity
await this.brain.remove(entityId)
// Invalidate caches
this.pathResolver.invalidatePath(path)
this.invalidateCaches(path)
// Trigger watchers
this.triggerWatchers(path, 'rename')
// Knowledge Layer hooks will be added by augmentation if enabled
}
// ============= Tree Operations (NEW) =============
/**
* Get only direct children of a directory - guaranteed no self-inclusion
* This is the SAFE way to get children for building tree UIs
*/
async getDirectChildren(path: string): Promise<VFSEntity[]> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(entityId)
// Verify it's a directory
if (entity.metadata.vfsType !== 'directory') {
throw new VFSError(VFSErrorCode.ENOTDIR, `Not a directory: ${path}`, path, 'getDirectChildren')
}
// Use the safe getChildren from PathResolver
const children = await this.pathResolver.getChildren(entityId)
// Double-check no self-inclusion (paranoid safety)
return children.filter(child => child.metadata.path !== path)
}
/**
* Gather descendants using graph traversal + bulk fetch
*
* ARCHITECTURE:
* 1. Traverse graph to collect entity IDs (in-memory, fast)
* 2. Batch-fetch all entities in ONE storage call
* 3. Return flat list of VFSEntity objects
*
* This is the ONLY correct approach:
* - Uses GraphAdjacencyIndex (in-memory graph) to traverse relationships
* - Makes ONE storage call to fetch all entities (not N calls)
* - Respects maxDepth to limit scope (billion-scale safe)
*
* Performance (GCS):
* - OLD: 111 directories × 50ms each = 5,550ms
* - NEW: Graph traversal (1ms) + 1 batch fetch (100ms) = 101ms
* - 55x faster on cloud storage
*
* @param rootId - Root directory entity ID
* @param maxDepth - Maximum depth to traverse
* @returns All descendant entities (flat list)
*/
private async gatherDescendants(rootId: string, maxDepth: number): Promise<VFSEntity[]> {
const entityIds = new Set<string>()
const visited = new Set<string>([rootId])
let currentLevel = [rootId]
let depth = 0
// Phase 1: Traverse graph in-memory to collect all entity IDs
// GraphAdjacencyIndex is in-memory LSM-tree, so this is fast (<10ms for 10k relationships)
while (currentLevel.length > 0 && depth < maxDepth) {
const nextLevel: string[] = []
// Get all Contains relationships for this level (in-memory query)
for (const parentId of currentLevel) {
const relations = await this.brain.related({
from: parentId,
type: VerbType.Contains
})
// Collect child IDs
for (const rel of relations) {
if (!visited.has(rel.to)) {
visited.add(rel.to)
entityIds.add(rel.to)
nextLevel.push(rel.to) // Queue for next level
}
}
}
currentLevel = nextLevel
depth++
}
// Phase 2: Batch-fetch all entities in ONE storage call
// This is the optimization: ONE GCS call instead of 111+ GCS calls
const entityIdArray = Array.from(entityIds)
if (entityIdArray.length === 0) {
return []
}
const entitiesMap = await this.brain.batchGet(entityIdArray)
// Convert to VFSEntity array
const entities: VFSEntity[] = []
for (const id of entityIdArray) {
const entity = entitiesMap.get(id)
if (entity && entity.metadata?.vfsType) {
entities.push(entity as VFSEntity)
}
}
return entities
}
/**
* Get a properly structured tree for the given path
*
* Graph traversal + ONE batch fetch (55x faster on cloud storage)
*
* Architecture:
* 1. Resolve path to entity ID
* 2. Traverse graph in-memory to collect all descendant IDs
* 3. Batch-fetch all entities in ONE storage call
* 4. Build tree structure
*
* Performance:
* - GCS: 5,300ms → ~100ms (53x faster)
* - FileSystem: 200ms → ~50ms (4x faster)
*/
async getTreeStructure(path: string, options?: {
maxDepth?: number
includeHidden?: boolean
sort?: 'name' | 'modified' | 'size'
}): Promise<any> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const { VFSTreeUtils } = await import('./TreeUtils.js')
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(entityId)
if (entity.metadata.vfsType !== 'directory') {
throw new VFSError(VFSErrorCode.ENOTDIR, `Not a directory: ${path}`, path, 'getTreeStructure')
}
const maxDepth = options?.maxDepth ?? 10
// Gather all descendants (graph traversal + ONE batch fetch)
const allEntities = await this.gatherDescendants(entityId, maxDepth)
// Build tree structure
return VFSTreeUtils.buildTree(allEntities, path, options || {})
}
/**
* Get all descendants of a directory (flat list)
*
* Same optimization as getTreeStructure
*/
async getDescendants(path: string, options?: {
includeAncestor?: boolean
type?: 'file' | 'directory'
}): Promise<VFSEntity[]> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(entityId)
if (entity.metadata.vfsType !== 'directory') {
throw new VFSError(VFSErrorCode.ENOTDIR, `Not a directory: ${path}`, path, 'getDescendants')
}
// Gather all descendants (no depth limit for this API)
const descendants = await this.gatherDescendants(entityId, Infinity)
// Filter by type if specified
const filtered = options?.type
? descendants.filter(d => d.metadata.vfsType === options.type)
: descendants
// Include ancestor if requested
if (options?.includeAncestor) {
return [entity, ...filtered]
}
return filtered
}
/**
* Inspect a path and return structured information
* This is the recommended method for file explorers to use
*/
async inspect(path: string): Promise<{
node: VFSEntity
children: VFSEntity[]
parent: VFSEntity | null
stats: VFSStats
}> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(entityId)
const stats = await this.stat(path)
let children: VFSEntity[] = []
if (entity.metadata.vfsType === 'directory') {
children = await this.getDirectChildren(path)
}
let parent: VFSEntity | null = null
if (path !== '/') {
const parentPath = path.substring(0, path.lastIndexOf('/')) || '/'
const parentId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(parentPath)
parent = await this.getEntityById(parentId)
}
return {
node: entity,
children,
parent,
stats
}
}
// ============= Directory Operations =============
/**
* Create a directory
*/
async mkdir(path: string, options?: MkdirOptions): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
// Use mutex to prevent race conditions when creating the same directory concurrently
// If another call is already creating this directory, wait for it to complete
const existingLock = this.mkdirLocks.get(path)
if (existingLock) {
await existingLock
// After waiting, check if directory now exists
try {
const existing = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(existing)
if (entity.metadata.vfsType === 'directory') {
return // Directory was created by the other call
}
} catch (err) {
// Still doesn't exist, proceed to create
}
}
// Create a lock promise for this path
let resolveLock: () => void
const lockPromise = new Promise<void>(resolve => { resolveLock = resolve })
this.mkdirLocks.set(path, lockPromise)
try {
// Check if already exists
try {
const existing = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(existing)
if (entity.metadata.vfsType === 'directory') {
if (!options?.recursive) {
throw new VFSError(VFSErrorCode.EEXIST, `Directory exists: ${path}`, path, 'mkdir')
}
return // Already exists and recursive is true
} else {
// Path exists but it's not a directory
throw new VFSError(VFSErrorCode.EEXIST, `File exists: ${path}`, path, 'mkdir')
}
} catch (err) {
// Only proceed if it's a ENOENT error (path doesn't exist)
if (err instanceof VFSError && err.code !== VFSErrorCode.ENOENT) {
throw err // Re-throw non-ENOENT errors
}
// Doesn't exist, proceed to create
}
// Parse path
const parentPath = this.getParentPath(path)
const name = this.getBasename(path)
// Ensure parent exists (recursive mkdir if needed)
let parentId: string
if (parentPath === '/' || parentPath === null) {
parentId = this.rootEntityId!
} else if (options?.recursive) {
parentId = await this.ensureDirectory(parentPath)
} else {
try {
parentId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(parentPath)
} catch (err) {
throw new VFSError(VFSErrorCode.ENOENT, `Parent directory not found: ${parentPath}`, path, 'mkdir')
}
}
// Create directory entity
const metadata: VFSMetadata = {
path,
name,
parent: parentId,
vfsType: 'directory',
isVFS: true, // Mark as VFS entity (internal)
isVFSEntity: true, // Explicit flag for developer filtering
size: 0,
permissions: options?.mode || this.config.permissions?.defaultDirectory || 0o755,
owner: 'user',
group: 'users',
accessed: Date.now(),
modified: Date.now(),
...options?.metadata
}
const entity = await this.brain.add({
data: path, // Directory path as string content
type: NounType.Collection,
subtype: 'vfs-directory', // Standard subtype for VFS directory entities (7.30+)
metadata
})
// Create parent-child relationship (no need to check for duplicates on new entities)
if (parentId !== entity) { // Don't relate to self (root)
await this.brain.relate({
from: parentId,
to: entity,
type: VerbType.Contains,
subtype: 'vfs-contains', // Standard subtype for VFS containment edges (7.30+)
metadata: {
isVFS: true, // Mark as VFS relationship
relationshipType: 'vfs' // Standardized relationship type metadata
}
})
}
// Update path resolver cache
await this.pathResolver.createPath(path, entity)
// Trigger watchers
this.triggerWatchers(path, 'rename')
} finally {
// Release the lock
resolveLock!()
this.mkdirLocks.delete(path)
}
}
/**
* Remove a directory
*
* Optimized for cloud storage using batch operations
* - Uses gatherDescendants() for efficient graph traversal + batch fetch
* - Uses removeMany() for chunked transactional deletion
* - Parallel blob cleanup with chunking
*
* Performance improvement: 4-8x faster on cloud storage (GCS, S3, R2, Azure)
* - 15 files on GCS: 120s → 15-30s
*/
async rmdir(path: string, options?: { recursive?: boolean }): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
if (path === '/') {
throw new VFSError(VFSErrorCode.EACCES, 'Cannot remove root directory', path, 'rmdir')
}
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(entityId)
// Verify it's a directory
if (entity.metadata.vfsType !== 'directory') {
throw new VFSError(VFSErrorCode.ENOTDIR, `Not a directory: ${path}`, path, 'rmdir')
}
// Check if empty (unless recursive)
const children = await this.pathResolver.getChildren(entityId)
if (children.length > 0 && !options?.recursive) {
throw new VFSError(VFSErrorCode.ENOTEMPTY, `Directory not empty: ${path}`, path, 'rmdir')
}
// OPTIMIZED batch deletion for recursive case
if (options?.recursive && children.length > 0) {
// Phase 1: Gather all descendants in ONE batch fetch
const descendants = await this.gatherDescendants(entityId, Infinity)
// Phase 2: Parallel blob cleanup (chunked to avoid overwhelming storage)
// Blob deletion is reference-counted, so safe to call for all files
const blobFiles = descendants.filter(d =>
d.metadata.vfsType === 'file' && d.metadata.storage?.type === 'blob'
)
const BLOB_CHUNK_SIZE = 20 // Parallel delete 20 blobs at a time
for (let i = 0; i < blobFiles.length; i += BLOB_CHUNK_SIZE) {
const chunk = blobFiles.slice(i, i + BLOB_CHUNK_SIZE)
await Promise.all(chunk.map(f =>
this.blobStorage.delete(f.metadata.storage!.hash)
))
}
// Phase 3: Batch delete all entities (including root directory)
const allIds = [...descendants.map(d => d.id), entityId]
await this.brain.removeMany({ ids: allIds, continueOnError: false })
} else {
// No children or not recursive - just delete the directory entity
await this.brain.remove(entityId)
}
// Invalidate caches (recursive invalidation handles all descendants)
this.pathResolver.invalidatePath(path, true)
this.invalidateCaches(path, true)
// Trigger watchers
this.triggerWatchers(path, 'rename')
}
/**
* Read directory contents
*/
async readdir(path: string, options?: ReaddirOptions): Promise<string[] | VFSDirent[]> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(entityId)
// Verify it's a directory
if (entity.metadata.vfsType !== 'directory') {
throw new VFSError(VFSErrorCode.ENOTDIR, `Not a directory: ${path}`, path, 'readdir')
}
// Get children
let children = await this.pathResolver.getChildren(entityId)
// Apply filters
if (options?.filter) {
children = this.filterDirectoryEntries(children, options.filter)
}
// Sort if requested
if (options?.sort) {
children = this.sortDirectoryEntries(children, options.sort, options.order)
}
// Apply pagination
if (options?.offset) {
children = children.slice(options.offset)
}
if (options?.limit) {
children = children.slice(0, options.limit)
}
// REMOVED updateAccessTime() for performance
// Directory access time updates caused 50-100ms GCS write on EVERY readdir
// await this.updateAccessTime(entityId) // ← REMOVED
// Return appropriate format
if (options?.withFileTypes) {
return children.map(child => ({
name: child.metadata.name,
path: child.metadata.path,
type: child.metadata.vfsType,
entityId: child.id
} as VFSDirent))
}
return children.map(child => child.metadata.name)
}
// ============= Metadata Operations =============
/**
* Get file/directory statistics
*/
async stat(path: string): Promise<VFSStats> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
// Check cache
if (this.statCache.has(path)) {
const cached = this.statCache.get(path)!
if (Date.now() - cached.timestamp < 5000) { // 5 second cache
return cached.stats
}
}
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(entityId)
const stats: VFSStats = {
size: entity.metadata.size,
mode: entity.metadata.permissions,
uid: 1000, // In production, map owner to UID
gid: 1000, // In production, map group to GID
atime: new Date(entity.metadata.accessed),
mtime: new Date(entity.metadata.modified),
ctime: new Date(entity.updatedAt || entity.createdAt),
birthtime: new Date(entity.createdAt),
isFile: () => entity.metadata.vfsType === 'file',
isDirectory: () => entity.metadata.vfsType === 'directory',
isSymbolicLink: () => entity.metadata.vfsType === 'symlink',
path,
entityId: entity.id,
vector: entity.vector,
connections: await this.countRelationships(entityId)
}
// Cache stats
this.statCache.set(path, { stats, timestamp: Date.now() })
return stats
}
/**
* lstat - same as stat for now (symlinks not fully implemented)
*/
async lstat(path: string): Promise<VFSStats> {
return this.stat(path)
}
/**
* Check if path exists
*/
async exists(path: string): Promise<boolean> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
try {
await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
return true
} catch (err) {
return false
}
}
// ============= Semantic Operations =============
/**
* Search files with natural language
*/
async search(query: string, options?: SearchOptions): Promise<SearchResult[]> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
// Build find params
const params: FindParams = {
query,
type: [NounType.File, NounType.Document, NounType.Media],
limit: options?.limit || 10,
offset: options?.offset,
where: {
vfsType: 'file' // Search VFS files
}
}
// Add path filter if specified
if (options?.path) {
params.where = {
...params.where,
path: { $startsWith: options.path }
}
}
// Add metadata filters
if (options?.where) {
Object.assign(params.where || {}, options.where)
}
// Execute search using Brainy's Triple Intelligence
const results = await this.brain.find(params)
// Convert to search results
return results.map(r => {
const entity = r.entity as VFSEntity
return {
path: entity.metadata.path,
entityId: entity.id,
score: r.score,
type: entity.metadata.vfsType,
size: entity.metadata.size,
modified: new Date(entity.metadata.modified),
explanation: r.explanation
}
})
}
/**
* Find files similar to a given file
*/
async findSimilar(path: string, options?: SimilarOptions): Promise<SearchResult[]> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
// Use Brainy's similarity search
const results = await this.brain.similar({
to: entityId,
limit: options?.limit || 10,
threshold: options?.threshold || 0.7,
type: [NounType.File, NounType.Document, NounType.Media],
where: {
vfsType: 'file' // Find similar VFS files
}
})
return results.map(r => {
const entity = r.entity as VFSEntity
return {
path: entity.metadata.path,
entityId: entity.id,
score: r.score,
type: entity.metadata.vfsType,
size: entity.metadata.size,
modified: new Date(entity.metadata.modified)
}
})
}
// ============= Helper Methods =============
private async ensureInitialized(): Promise<void> {
if (!this.initialized) {
throw new VFSError(
VFSErrorCode.EINVAL,
'VFS not initialized. Call await vfs.init() before using VFS operations.\n\n' +
'✅ After brain.import():\n' +
' await brain.import(file, { vfsPath: "/imports/data" })\n' +
' const vfs = brain.vfs\n' +
' await vfs.init() // ← Required! Safe to call multiple times\n' +
' const files = await vfs.readdir("/imports/data")\n\n' +
'✅ Direct VFS usage:\n' +
' const vfs = brain.vfs\n' +
' await vfs.init() // ← Always required before first use\n' +
' await vfs.writeFile("/docs/readme.md", "Hello")\n\n' +
'📖 Docs: https://github.com/soulcraftlabs/brainy/blob/main/docs/vfs/QUICK_START.md',
'<unknown>',
'VFS'
)
}
}
private async ensureDirectory(path: string): Promise<string> {
if (!path || path === '/') {
return this.rootEntityId!
}
try {
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(entityId)
if (entity.metadata.vfsType !== 'directory') {
throw new VFSError(VFSErrorCode.ENOTDIR, `Not a directory: ${path}`, path)
}
return entityId
} catch (err) {
// Only create directory if it doesn't exist (ENOENT error)
if (err instanceof VFSError && err.code === VFSErrorCode.ENOENT) {
await this.mkdir(path, { recursive: true })
return await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
}
// Re-throw other errors (like ENOTDIR)
throw err
}
}
/**
* Fetch a Brainy entity by id and normalize it into a {@link VFSEntity}.
*
* Backfills VFS metadata for legacy entities that stored fields at the top
* level (pre-nested-metadata layout) and guarantees the root directory always
* carries valid directory metadata.
*
* @param id - The Brainy entity id to fetch.
* @returns The entity with a populated `metadata.vfsType` and related VFS fields.
* @throws {VFSError} ENOENT when no entity exists for the given id.
*/
async getEntityById(id: string): Promise<VFSEntity> {
const entity = await this.brain.get(id)
if (!entity) {
throw new VFSError(VFSErrorCode.ENOENT, `Entity not found: ${id}`)
}
// Ensure entity has proper VFS metadata structure
// Handle both nested and flat metadata structures for compatibility
if (!entity.metadata || !entity.metadata.vfsType) {
// Check if metadata is at top level (legacy structure). Legacy entities
// carried VFS fields as extra top-level properties not modeled on Entity.
const anyEntity = entity as Entity & Record<string, unknown>
if (anyEntity.vfsType || anyEntity.path) {
entity.metadata = {
path: anyEntity.path || '/',
name: anyEntity.name || '',
vfsType: anyEntity.vfsType || (anyEntity.path === '/' ? 'directory' : 'file'),
size: anyEntity.size || 0,
permissions: anyEntity.permissions || (anyEntity.vfsType === 'directory' ? 0o755 : 0o644),
owner: anyEntity.owner || 'user',
group: anyEntity.group || 'users',
accessed: anyEntity.accessed || Date.now(),
modified: anyEntity.modified || Date.now(),
...entity.metadata // Preserve any existing nested metadata
}
} else if (entity.id === this.rootEntityId) {
// Special case: ensure root directory always has proper metadata
entity.metadata = {
path: '/',
name: '',
vfsType: 'directory',
size: 0,
permissions: 0o755,
owner: 'root',
group: 'root',
accessed: Date.now(),
modified: Date.now(),
...entity.metadata
}
}
}
return entity as VFSEntity
}
private getParentPath(path: string): string {
const normalized = path.replace(/\/+/g, '/').replace(/\/$/, '')
const lastSlash = normalized.lastIndexOf('/')
if (lastSlash <= 0) return '/'
return normalized.substring(0, lastSlash)
}
private getBasename(path: string): string {
const normalized = path.replace(/\/+/g, '/').replace(/\/$/, '')
const lastSlash = normalized.lastIndexOf('/')
return normalized.substring(lastSlash + 1)
}
private getExtension(filename: string): string | undefined {
const lastDot = filename.lastIndexOf('.')
if (lastDot === -1 || lastDot === 0) return undefined
return filename.substring(lastDot + 1).toLowerCase()
}
// MIME detection moved to MimeTypeDetector service
// Removed detectMimeType() and isTextFile() - now using mimeDetector singleton
private getFileNounType(mimeType: string): NounType {
if (mimeType.startsWith('text/') || mimeType.includes('json')) {
return NounType.Document
}
if (mimeType.startsWith('image/') || mimeType.startsWith('video/') || mimeType.startsWith('audio/')) {
return NounType.Media
}
return NounType.File
}
// Removed compression methods (shouldCompress, compress, decompress)
// BlobStorage handles all compression automatically with zstd
private async generateEmbedding(buffer: Buffer, mimeType: string): Promise<number[] | undefined> {
try {
// Use text content for text files, description for binary
let content: string
if (mimeDetector.isTextFile(mimeType)) {
// Use first 10KB for embedding
content = buffer.toString('utf8', 0, Math.min(10240, buffer.length))
} else {
// For binary files, create a description
content = `Binary file: ${mimeType}, size: ${buffer.length} bytes`
}
// Ensure content is actually a string
if (typeof content !== 'string') {
console.debug('Content is not a string:', typeof content, content)
return undefined
}
// Ensure content is not empty or invalid
if (!content || content.length === 0) {
console.debug('Content is empty')
return undefined
}
const vector = await this.brain.embed(content)
return vector
} catch (error) {
console.debug('Failed to generate embedding:', error)
return undefined
}
}
private async extractMetadata(buffer: Buffer, mimeType: string): Promise<Partial<VFSMetadata>> {
const metadata: Partial<VFSMetadata> = {}
// Extract basic metadata based on content type
if (mimeDetector.isTextFile(mimeType)) {
const text = buffer.toString('utf8')
metadata.lineCount = text.split('\n').length
metadata.wordCount = text.split(/\s+/).filter(w => w).length
metadata.charset = 'utf-8'
// Extract concepts using brain.extractConcepts() (neural extraction)
if (this.config.intelligence?.autoConcepts) {
try {
const concepts = await this.brain.extractConcepts(text, { limit: 20 })
metadata.conceptNames = concepts // Flattened for O(log n) queries
} catch (error) {
// Concept extraction is optional - don't fail if it errors
console.debug('Concept extraction failed:', error)
}
}
}
// Extract hash for integrity
const crypto = await import('crypto')
metadata.hash = crypto.createHash('sha256').update(buffer).digest('hex')
return metadata
}
// REMOVED updateAccessTime() method entirely
// Access time updates caused 50-100ms GCS write on EVERY file/dir read
// Modern file systems use 'noatime' for same reason
// Field 'accessed' still exists in metadata for backward compat but won't update
private async countRelationships(entityId: string): Promise<number> {
const relations = await this.brain.related({ from: entityId })
const relationsTo = await this.brain.related({ to: entityId })
return relations.length + relationsTo.length
}
private filterDirectoryEntries(entries: VFSEntity[], filter: any): VFSEntity[] {
return entries.filter(entry => {
if (filter.type && entry.metadata.vfsType !== filter.type) return false
if (filter.pattern && !this.matchGlob(entry.metadata.name, filter.pattern)) return false
if (filter.minSize && entry.metadata.size < filter.minSize) return false
if (filter.maxSize && entry.metadata.size > filter.maxSize) return false
if (filter.modifiedAfter && entry.metadata.modified < filter.modifiedAfter.getTime()) return false
if (filter.modifiedBefore && entry.metadata.modified > filter.modifiedBefore.getTime()) return false
return true
})
}
private sortDirectoryEntries(entries: VFSEntity[], sort: string, order?: 'asc' | 'desc'): VFSEntity[] {
const sorted = [...entries].sort((a, b) => {
let comparison = 0
switch (sort) {
case 'name':
comparison = a.metadata.name.localeCompare(b.metadata.name)
break
case 'size':
comparison = a.metadata.size - b.metadata.size
break
case 'modified':
comparison = a.metadata.modified - b.metadata.modified
break
case 'created':
comparison = a.createdAt - b.createdAt
break
}
return order === 'desc' ? -comparison : comparison
})
return sorted
}
private matchGlob(name: string, pattern: string): boolean {
// Simple glob matching (in production, use proper glob library)
const regex = pattern
.replace(/\*/g, '.*')
.replace(/\?/g, '.')
return new RegExp(`^${regex}$`).test(name)
}
private invalidateCaches(path: string, recursive = false): void {
this.contentCache.delete(path)
this.statCache.delete(path)
if (recursive) {
const prefix = path.endsWith('/') ? path : path + '/'
for (const cachedPath of this.contentCache.keys()) {
if (cachedPath.startsWith(prefix)) {
this.contentCache.delete(cachedPath)
}
}
for (const cachedPath of this.statCache.keys()) {
if (cachedPath.startsWith(prefix)) {
this.statCache.delete(cachedPath)
}
}
}
}
private triggerWatchers(path: string, event: 'rename' | 'change'): void {
const watchers = this.watchers.get(path)
if (watchers) {
for (const listener of watchers) {
listener(event, path)
}
}
}
private async updateChildrenPaths(parentId: string, oldParentPath: string, newParentPath: string): Promise<void> {
// Get all children recursively
const children = await this.pathResolver.getChildren(parentId)
for (const child of children) {
const oldChildPath = child.metadata.path as string
const relativePath = oldChildPath.substring(oldParentPath.length)
const newChildPath = newParentPath + relativePath
// Update child entity — metadata-only (mirrors rename() above). Spreading
// the whole child forwards its `vector` field into update(), which fails
// dimension validation when the child was fetched without vectors (and
// would needlessly touch the vector index when it wasn't).
await this.brain.update({
id: child.id,
metadata: {
...child.metadata,
path: newChildPath,
modified: Date.now()
}
})
// Update path cache
this.pathResolver.invalidatePath(oldChildPath)
await this.pathResolver.createPath(newChildPath, child.id)
// Recursively update if it's a directory
if (child.metadata.vfsType === 'directory') {
await this.updateChildrenPaths(child.id, oldChildPath, newChildPath)
}
}
}
private startBackgroundTasks(): void {
// Clean up caches periodically
this.backgroundTimer = setInterval(() => {
const now = Date.now()
// Clean content cache
for (const [path, entry] of this.contentCache) {
if (now - entry.timestamp > (this.config.cache?.ttl || 300000)) {
this.contentCache.delete(path)
}
}
// Clean stat cache
for (const [path, entry] of this.statCache) {
if (now - entry.timestamp > 5000) {
this.statCache.delete(path)
}
}
}, 60000) // Every minute
// Cache maintenance must never keep the host process alive.
if (this.backgroundTimer && typeof this.backgroundTimer.unref === 'function') {
this.backgroundTimer.unref()
}
}
private getDefaultConfig(): Required<Omit<VFSConfig, 'rootEntityId'>> & { rootEntityId?: string } {
return {
root: '/',
rootEntityId: undefined,
cache: {
enabled: true,
maxPaths: 100_000,
maxContent: 100_000_000, // 100MB
ttl: 5 * 60 * 1000 // 5 minutes
},
storage: {
inline: {
maxSize: 100_000 // 100KB
},
chunking: {
enabled: true,
chunkSize: 5_000_000, // 5MB
parallel: 4
},
compression: {
enabled: true,
minSize: 10_000, // 10KB
algorithm: 'gzip'
}
},
intelligence: {
enabled: true,
autoEmbed: true,
autoExtract: true,
autoTag: false,
autoConcepts: false
},
permissions: {
defaultFile: 0o644,
defaultDirectory: 0o755,
umask: 0o022
},
limits: {
maxFileSize: 1_000_000_000, // 1GB
maxPathLength: 4096,
maxDirectoryEntries: 100_000
}
}
}
// ============= Lifecycle, POSIX & Extended Operations =============
/**
* Release all resources held by the VFS.
*
* Stops background cache eviction, tears down the path resolver, and clears the
* content cache and watcher registry. After close the VFS is marked
* uninitialized; call {@link init} again before reusing it.
*
* @returns A promise that resolves once cleanup is complete.
*/
async close(): Promise<void> {
// Cleanup PathResolver resources
if (this.pathResolver) {
this.pathResolver.cleanup()
}
// Stop background tasks
if (this.backgroundTimer) {
clearInterval(this.backgroundTimer)
this.backgroundTimer = null
}
// Clear caches
this.contentCache.clear()
// Clear watchers
this.watchers.clear()
this.initialized = false
}
/**
* Change the permission bits of a file or directory (POSIX `chmod`).
*
* @param path - The VFS path whose permissions should change.
* @param mode - The new permission bits (e.g. `0o644`), stored in entity metadata.
* @returns A promise that resolves once the permissions are persisted.
*/
async chmod(path: string, mode: number): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(entityId)
// Update permissions in metadata
await this.brain.update({
...entity,
id: entityId,
metadata: {
...entity.metadata,
permissions: mode,
modified: Date.now()
}
})
// Invalidate caches
this.invalidateCaches(path)
}
/**
* Change the owner and group of a file or directory (POSIX `chown`).
*
* @param path - The VFS path whose ownership should change.
* @param uid - The new owner user id, stored in entity metadata.
* @param gid - The new owning group id, stored in entity metadata.
* @returns A promise that resolves once the ownership is persisted.
*/
async chown(path: string, uid: number, gid: number): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(entityId)
// Update ownership in metadata
await this.brain.update({
...entity,
id: entityId,
metadata: {
...entity.metadata,
uid,
gid,
modified: Date.now()
}
})
// Invalidate caches
this.invalidateCaches(path)
}
/**
* Set the access and modification timestamps of a file or directory (POSIX `utimes`).
*
* @param path - The VFS path to update.
* @param atime - The new access time.
* @param mtime - The new modification time.
* @returns A promise that resolves once the timestamps are persisted.
*/
async utimes(path: string, atime: Date, mtime: Date): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(entityId)
// Update timestamps in metadata
await this.brain.update({
...entity,
id: entityId,
metadata: {
...entity.metadata,
accessed: atime.getTime(),
modified: mtime.getTime()
}
})
// Invalidate caches
this.invalidateCaches(path)
}
/**
* Rename or move a file or directory in place.
*
* Updates the entity's path metadata without rewriting content (preserving the
* underlying blob and entity id). When the parent directory changes, a new
* `Contains` edge is added to the destination parent. Renaming a directory
* cascades the path change to every descendant.
*
* @param oldPath - The existing VFS path.
* @param newPath - The destination VFS path; must not already exist.
* @returns A promise that resolves once the rename is complete.
* @throws {VFSError} ENOENT when `oldPath` does not exist.
* @throws {VFSError} EEXIST when `newPath` already exists.
*/
async rename(oldPath: string, newPath: string): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
// Check if source exists
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(oldPath)
const entity = await this.brain.get(entityId)
if (!entity) {
throw new VFSError(VFSErrorCode.ENOENT, `No such file or directory: ${oldPath}`, oldPath, 'rename')
}
// Check if target already exists
try {
await this.pathResolver.resolve(newPath)
throw new VFSError(VFSErrorCode.EEXIST, `File exists: ${newPath}`, newPath, 'rename')
} catch (err: any) {
if (err.code !== VFSErrorCode.ENOENT) throw err
}
// Update parent relationships if needed
const oldParentPath = this.getParentPath(oldPath)
const newParentPath = this.getParentPath(newPath)
if (oldParentPath !== newParentPath) {
// Remove from old parent
if (oldParentPath) {
const oldParentId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(oldParentPath)
// unrelate takes the relation ID, not params - need to find and remove relation
// For now, skip unrelate as it's not critical for rename
}
// Add to new parent
if (newParentPath && newParentPath !== '/') {
const newParentId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(newParentPath)
await this.brain.relate({
from: newParentId,
to: entityId,
type: VerbType.Contains,
subtype: 'vfs-contains', // Standard subtype for VFS containment edges (7.30+)
metadata: { isVFS: true } // Mark as VFS relationship
})
}
}
// A rename is a path/metadata change, never a content change — issue a
// metadata-only update. Spreading the whole entity here used to forward
// its vector field into update(), which failed dimension validation when
// the entity was fetched without vectors (and would needlessly touch the
// vector index when it wasn't).
await this.brain.update({
id: entityId,
metadata: {
...entity.metadata,
path: newPath,
name: this.getBasename(newPath),
modified: Date.now()
}
})
// Update path cache
this.pathResolver.invalidatePath(oldPath, true)
await this.pathResolver.createPath(newPath, entityId)
// If it's a directory, update all children paths
if (entity.metadata.vfsType === 'directory') {
await this.updateChildrenPaths(entityId, oldPath, newPath)
}
// Trigger watchers
this.triggerWatchers(oldPath, 'rename')
this.triggerWatchers(newPath, 'rename')
}
/**
* Copy a file or directory to a new path.
*
* Files are duplicated as new entities (sharing content via the content-addressed
* blob store); directories are copied recursively. Unless `overwrite` is set, an
* existing destination is rejected.
*
* @param src - The source VFS path to copy from.
* @param dest - The destination VFS path to copy to.
* @param options - Copy options such as `overwrite`, `deepCopy`, `preserveVector`,
* and `preserveRelationships`.
* @returns A promise that resolves once the copy is complete.
* @throws {VFSError} ENOENT when `src` does not exist.
* @throws {VFSError} EEXIST when `dest` exists and `overwrite` is not set.
*/
async copy(src: string, dest: string, options?: CopyOptions): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
// Get source entity
const srcEntityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(src)
const srcEntity = await this.brain.get(srcEntityId)
if (!srcEntity) {
throw new VFSError(VFSErrorCode.ENOENT, `No such file or directory: ${src}`, src, 'copy')
}
// Check if destination already exists
if (!options?.overwrite) {
try {
await this.pathResolver.resolve(dest)
throw new VFSError(VFSErrorCode.EEXIST, `File exists: ${dest}`, dest, 'copy')
} catch (err: any) {
if (err.code !== VFSErrorCode.ENOENT) throw err
}
}
// Copy the entity
if (srcEntity.metadata.vfsType === 'file') {
await this.copyFile(srcEntity, dest, options)
} else if (srcEntity.metadata.vfsType === 'directory') {
await this.copyDirectory(src, dest, options)
}
}
private async copyFile(srcEntity: Entity, destPath: string, options?: CopyOptions): Promise<void> {
// Create new entity with same content but different path. Preserve the source
// entity's subtype when it has one (so a vfs-file stays vfs-file); fall back
// to 'vfs-file' for the rare case of a VFS entity without subtype (pre-7.30
// legacy data path that hits the copy operation).
const newEntity = await this.brain.add({
type: srcEntity.type,
subtype: srcEntity.subtype ?? 'vfs-file',
data: srcEntity.data,
vector: options?.preserveVector ? srcEntity.vector : undefined,
metadata: {
...srcEntity.metadata,
path: destPath,
name: this.getBasename(destPath),
created: Date.now(),
modified: Date.now(),
copiedFrom: srcEntity.metadata.path
}
})
// Add to parent directory
const parentPath = this.getParentPath(destPath)
if (parentPath && parentPath !== '/') {
const parentId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(parentPath)
await this.brain.relate({
from: parentId,
to: newEntity,
type: VerbType.Contains,
subtype: 'vfs-contains', // Standard subtype for VFS containment edges (7.30+)
metadata: { isVFS: true } // Mark as VFS relationship
})
}
// Update path cache
await this.pathResolver.createPath(destPath, newEntity)
// Copy relationships if requested
if (options?.preserveRelationships) {
const relations = await this.brain.related({ from: srcEntity.id })
for (const relation of relations) {
if (relation.type !== VerbType.Contains) {
// Skip relationship without Contains type
// Future: implement proper relation copying
}
}
}
}
/**
* Copy a directory recursively
*
* Optimized for cloud storage using batch operations
* - Uses gatherDescendants() for efficient graph traversal + batch fetch
* - Uses addMany() for batch entity creation
* - Uses relateMany() for batch relationship creation
*
* Performance improvement: 3-6x faster on cloud storage (GCS, S3, R2, Azure)
*/
private async copyDirectory(srcPath: string, destPath: string, options?: CopyOptions): Promise<void> {
// Shallow copy - just create directory
if (options?.deepCopy === false) {
await this.mkdir(destPath, { recursive: true })
return
}
// OPTIMIZED: Batch fetch all source entities in ONE call
const srcEntityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(srcPath)
const descendants = await this.gatherDescendants(srcEntityId, Infinity)
const srcEntity = await this.getEntityById(srcEntityId)
const allEntities = [srcEntity, ...descendants]
// Build path mapping: srcPath -> destPath
const pathMap = new Map<string, string>()
const idMap = new Map<string, string>() // old ID -> new ID
for (const entity of allEntities) {
const relativePath = entity.metadata.path.substring(srcPath.length)
const newPath = destPath + relativePath
pathMap.set(entity.metadata.path, newPath)
}
// Phase 1: Create all directories first (maintain hierarchy)
// Sort by path length to ensure parents are created before children
const directories = allEntities
.filter(e => e.metadata.vfsType === 'directory')
.sort((a, b) => a.metadata.path.length - b.metadata.path.length)
for (const dir of directories) {
const newPath = pathMap.get(dir.metadata.path)!
await this.mkdir(newPath) // mkdir is relatively fast
const newId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(newPath)
idMap.set(dir.id, newId)
}
// Phase 2: Batch-create all files using addMany
const files = allEntities.filter(e => e.metadata.vfsType === 'file')
if (files.length > 0) {
const items = files.map(srcFile => {
const newPath = pathMap.get(srcFile.metadata.path)!
return {
type: srcFile.type,
data: srcFile.data,
vector: options?.preserveVector ? srcFile.vector : undefined,
metadata: {
...srcFile.metadata,
path: newPath,
name: this.getBasename(newPath),
parent: undefined, // Will be set via relationship
created: Date.now(),
modified: Date.now(),
copiedFrom: srcFile.metadata.path
}
}
})
const result = await this.brain.addMany({ items, continueOnError: false })
// Build ID mapping for new files
for (let i = 0; i < files.length; i++) {
idMap.set(files[i].id, result.successful[i])
}
// Phase 3: Batch-create parent relationships using relateMany
const relations = files.map((srcFile, i) => {
const newPath = pathMap.get(srcFile.metadata.path)!
const parentPath = this.getParentPath(newPath)
// Find parent ID from directories we created
let parentId: string
if (parentPath === '/') {
parentId = VirtualFileSystem.VFS_ROOT_ID
} else {
// Find the source directory that maps to this parent path
const srcParentDir = directories.find(d => pathMap.get(d.metadata.path) === parentPath)
parentId = srcParentDir ? idMap.get(srcParentDir.id)! : VirtualFileSystem.VFS_ROOT_ID
}
return {
from: parentId,
to: result.successful[i],
type: VerbType.Contains,
subtype: 'vfs-contains', // Standard subtype for VFS containment edges (7.30+)
metadata: { isVFS: true }
}
})
await this.brain.relateMany({ items: relations })
// Phase 4: Update path resolver cache for all new files
for (let i = 0; i < files.length; i++) {
const newPath = pathMap.get(files[i].metadata.path)!
await this.pathResolver.createPath(newPath, result.successful[i])
}
}
}
/**
* Move a file or directory to a new path.
*
* Implemented as an in-place {@link rename} rather than copy-then-delete: on the
* content-addressed blob store a copy would share the source content hash, so
* deleting the source would orphan the destination. Renaming preserves the blob
* and entity id and handles directory descendants.
*
* @param src - The source VFS path to move from.
* @param dest - The destination VFS path to move to; must not already exist.
* @returns A promise that resolves once the move is complete.
* @throws {VFSError} ENOENT when `src` does not exist.
* @throws {VFSError} EEXIST when `dest` already exists.
*/
async move(src: string, dest: string): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
// A move is a RENAME (in-place path change), NOT copy + delete. The old
// copy+delete path was broken on the content-addressed blob store: copy()
// makes the destination reference the SAME content-hash as the source, then
// unlink(src) deletes that shared blob — orphaning the destination
// ("Blob metadata not found" on the next read). rename() updates the path
// in place (preserving the blob, keeping the same entity id) and already
// handles both files and directories, including child path updates.
await this.rename(src, dest)
}
/**
* Create a symbolic link at `path` that points to `target` (POSIX `symlink`).
*
* The link is stored as a dedicated `vfs-symlink` entity whose
* `metadata.symlinkTarget` records the target path; it is linked into its parent
* directory with a `Contains` edge.
*
* @param target - The path the symlink should resolve to.
* @param path - The VFS path at which to create the symlink; must not already exist.
* @returns A promise that resolves once the symlink is created.
* @throws {VFSError} EEXIST when `path` already exists.
*/
async symlink(target: string, path: string): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
// Check if symlink already exists
try {
await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
throw new VFSError(VFSErrorCode.EEXIST, `File exists: ${path}`, path, 'symlink')
} catch (err: any) {
if (err.code !== VFSErrorCode.ENOENT) throw err
}
// Parse path to get parent and name
const parentPath = this.getParentPath(path)
const name = this.getBasename(path)
// Ensure parent directory exists
const parentId = await this.ensureDirectory(parentPath)
// Create symlink entity
const metadata: VFSMetadata = {
path,
name,
parent: parentId,
vfsType: 'symlink',
isVFS: true, // Infrastructure-bypass marker for strict-mode enforcement
isVFSEntity: true,
symlinkTarget: target,
size: 0,
permissions: 0o777,
owner: 'user',
group: 'users',
accessed: Date.now(),
modified: Date.now()
}
const entity = await this.brain.add({
data: `symlink:${target}`,
type: NounType.File, // Symlinks are special files
subtype: 'vfs-symlink', // Distinct from 'vfs-file' so consumers can find symlinks (7.30.1+)
metadata
})
// Create parent-child relationship
await this.brain.relate({
from: parentId,
to: entity,
type: VerbType.Contains,
subtype: 'vfs-contains', // Standard subtype for VFS containment edges (7.30+)
metadata: { isVFS: true } // Mark as VFS relationship
})
// Update path resolver cache
await this.pathResolver.createPath(path, entity)
}
/**
* Read the target of a symbolic link (POSIX `readlink`).
*
* @param path - The VFS path of the symlink.
* @returns The stored target path, or an empty string when no target is recorded.
* @throws {VFSError} EINVAL when `path` is not a symbolic link.
*/
async readlink(path: string): Promise<string> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(entityId)
// Verify it's a symlink
if (entity.metadata.vfsType !== 'symlink') {
throw new VFSError(VFSErrorCode.EINVAL, `Not a symbolic link: ${path}`, path, 'readlink')
}
return entity.metadata.symlinkTarget || ''
}
/**
* Resolve a path to its canonical form, following symbolic links (POSIX `realpath`).
*
* Symlinks are followed iteratively until a non-symlink target is reached, up to a
* fixed depth limit that guards against link cycles.
*
* @param path - The VFS path to resolve.
* @returns The fully resolved (non-symlink) path.
* @throws {VFSError} ENOENT when the path (or a link in the chain) does not exist.
* @throws {VFSError} ELOOP when too many symbolic links are encountered.
*/
async realpath(path: string): Promise<string> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
// Resolve symlinks recursively
let currentPath = path
let depth = 0
const maxDepth = 20 // Prevent infinite loops
while (depth < maxDepth) {
try {
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(currentPath)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(entityId)
if (entity.metadata.vfsType === 'symlink') {
// Follow the symlink
currentPath = entity.metadata.symlinkTarget || ''
depth++
} else {
// Not a symlink, we have the real path
return currentPath
}
} catch (err) {
throw new VFSError(VFSErrorCode.ENOENT, `No such file or directory: ${path}`, path, 'realpath')
}
}
throw new VFSError(VFSErrorCode.ELOOP, `Too many symbolic links: ${path}`, path, 'realpath')
}
/**
* Read a single extended attribute of a file or directory (POSIX `getxattr`).
*
* @param path - The VFS path to read.
* @param name - The extended-attribute key to fetch.
* @returns The attribute value, or `undefined` when the attribute is not set.
*/
async getxattr(path: string, name: string): Promise<any> {
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(entityId)
return entity.metadata.attributes?.[name]
}
/**
* Set a single extended attribute on a file or directory (POSIX `setxattr`).
*
* @param path - The VFS path to update.
* @param name - The extended-attribute key to set.
* @param value - The value to store under `name`.
* @returns A promise that resolves once the attribute is persisted.
*/
async setxattr(path: string, name: string, value: any): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(entityId)
// Create extended attributes object
const xattrs = entity.metadata.attributes || {}
xattrs[name] = value
// Update entity metadata
await this.brain.update({
id: entityId,
metadata: {
...entity.metadata,
attributes: xattrs
}
})
// Invalidate caches
this.invalidateCaches(path)
}
/**
* List the extended-attribute names set on a file or directory (POSIX `listxattr`).
*
* @param path - The VFS path to inspect.
* @returns The list of extended-attribute keys (empty when none are set).
*/
async listxattr(path: string): Promise<string[]> {
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(entityId)
return Object.keys(entity.metadata.attributes || {})
}
/**
* Remove a single extended attribute from a file or directory (POSIX `removexattr`).
*
* @param path - The VFS path to update.
* @param name - The extended-attribute key to remove.
* @returns A promise that resolves once the attribute is removed.
*/
async removexattr(path: string, name: string): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(entityId)
// Remove from extended attributes
const xattrs = { ...entity.metadata.attributes }
delete xattrs[name]
// Update entity metadata
await this.brain.update({
...entity,
id: entityId,
metadata: {
...entity.metadata,
attributes: xattrs
}
})
// Invalidate caches
this.invalidateCaches(path)
}
/**
* List the paths related to a file or directory via graph edges (both directions).
*
* Walks outgoing and incoming relationships and maps each connected entity back to
* its VFS path, recording the relationship type and direction.
*
* @param path - The VFS path whose relationships to list.
* @param options - Reserved relationship-filtering options.
* @returns Related entries, each with the related `path`, `relationship` type, and
* `direction` (`'from'` for outgoing edges, `'to'` for incoming).
*/
async getRelated(path: string, options?: RelatedOptions): Promise<Array<{
path: string
relationship: string
direction: 'from' | 'to'
}>> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const results: Array<{ path: string, relationship: string, direction: 'from' | 'to' }> = []
// Use proper Brainy relationship API to get all relationships
const [fromRelations, toRelations] = await Promise.all([
this.brain.related({ from: entityId }),
this.brain.related({ to: entityId })
])
// Add outgoing relationships
for (const rel of fromRelations) {
const targetEntity = await this.brain.get(rel.to)
if (targetEntity && targetEntity.metadata?.path) {
results.push({
path: targetEntity.metadata.path,
relationship: rel.type || 'related',
direction: 'from'
})
}
}
// Add incoming relationships
for (const rel of toRelations) {
const sourceEntity = await this.brain.get(rel.from)
if (sourceEntity && sourceEntity.metadata?.path) {
results.push({
path: sourceEntity.metadata.path,
relationship: rel.type || 'related',
direction: 'to'
})
}
}
return results
}
/**
* Get the non-hierarchical relationships of a file or directory.
*
* Returns both outgoing and incoming edges as {@link Relation} objects, excluding
* the `Contains` edges that model the directory tree itself.
*
* @param path - The VFS path whose relationships to return.
* @returns The list of semantic relationships connected to the path.
*/
async getRelationships(path: string): Promise<Relation[]> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const relationships: Relation[] = []
// Use proper Brainy relationship API
const [fromRelations, toRelations] = await Promise.all([
this.brain.related({ from: entityId }),
this.brain.related({ to: entityId })
])
// Process outgoing relationships (excluding Contains for parent-child)
for (const rel of fromRelations) {
if (rel.type !== VerbType.Contains) { // Skip filesystem hierarchy
const targetEntity = await this.brain.get(rel.to)
if (targetEntity && targetEntity.metadata?.path) {
relationships.push({
id: rel.id || crypto.randomUUID(),
from: entityId,
to: rel.to,
type: rel.type,
createdAt: rel.createdAt || Date.now()
})
}
}
}
// Process incoming relationships (excluding Contains for parent-child)
for (const rel of toRelations) {
if (rel.type !== VerbType.Contains) { // Skip filesystem hierarchy
const sourceEntity = await this.brain.get(rel.from)
if (sourceEntity && sourceEntity.metadata?.path) {
relationships.push({
id: rel.id || crypto.randomUUID(),
from: rel.from,
to: entityId,
type: rel.type,
createdAt: rel.createdAt || Date.now()
})
}
}
}
return relationships
}
/**
* Create a graph relationship between two VFS paths.
*
* @param from - The source VFS path.
* @param to - The target VFS path.
* @param type - The relationship (verb) type to create; coerced to a {@link VerbType}.
* @returns A promise that resolves once the relationship is created.
*/
async addRelationship(from: string, to: string, type: string): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const fromEntityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(from)
const toEntityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(to)
// Create relationship using brain
await this.brain.relate({
from: fromEntityId,
to: toEntityId,
type: type as VerbType, // Convert string to VerbType
metadata: { isVFS: true } // Mark as VFS relationship
})
// Invalidate caches for both paths
this.invalidateCaches(from)
this.invalidateCaches(to)
}
/**
* Remove a graph relationship between two VFS paths.
*
* Deletes outgoing edges from `from` to `to`; when `type` is given, only edges of
* that relationship type are removed.
*
* @param from - The source VFS path.
* @param to - The target VFS path.
* @param type - Optional relationship type to match; when omitted, all matching
* edges to `to` are removed.
* @returns A promise that resolves once the relationship(s) are removed.
*/
async removeRelationship(from: string, to: string, type?: string): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const fromEntityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(from)
const toEntityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(to)
// Find and delete the relationship
const relations = await this.brain.related({ from: fromEntityId })
for (const relation of relations) {
if (relation.to === toEntityId && (!type || relation.type === type)) {
// Delete the relationship using brain.unrelate
if (relation.id) {
await this.brain.unrelate(relation.id)
}
}
}
// Invalidate caches
this.invalidateCaches(from)
this.invalidateCaches(to)
}
/**
* Get the todo items attached to a file or directory.
*
* @param path - The VFS path whose todos to read.
* @returns The stored todo list, or `undefined` when none are attached.
*/
async getTodos(path: string): Promise<VFSMetadata['todos']> {
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(entityId)
return entity.metadata.todos
}
/**
* Replace the entire todo list attached to a file or directory.
*
* @param path - The VFS path to update.
* @param todos - The full set of todo items to store (overwrites any existing list).
* @returns A promise that resolves once the todos are persisted.
*/
async setTodos(path: string, todos: VFSTodo[]): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(entityId)
// Update todos in metadata
await this.brain.update({
...entity,
id: entityId,
metadata: {
...entity.metadata,
todos,
modified: Date.now()
}
})
// Invalidate caches
this.invalidateCaches(path)
}
/**
* Append a single todo item to a file or directory.
*
* Generates an id when one is not supplied and applies default `priority`
* (`'medium'`) and `status` (`'pending'`).
*
* @param path - The VFS path to attach the todo to.
* @param todo - The todo to add; `id`, `priority`, and `status` are optional.
* @returns A promise that resolves once the todo is persisted.
*/
async addTodo(path: string, todo: VFSTodo): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(entityId)
// Get existing todos
const todos = entity.metadata.todos || []
// Add new todo with ID if not provided
const newTodo: VFSTodo = {
id: todo.id || crypto.randomUUID(),
task: todo.task,
priority: todo.priority || 'medium',
status: todo.status || 'pending',
assignee: todo.assignee,
due: todo.due
}
todos.push(newTodo)
// Update entity metadata
await this.brain.update({
id: entityId,
metadata: {
...entity.metadata,
todos
}
})
// Invalidate caches
this.invalidateCaches(path)
}
/**
* Get metadata for a file or directory
*/
async getMetadata(path: string): Promise<VFSMetadata | undefined> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(entityId)
return entity.metadata
}
/**
* Set custom metadata for a file or directory
* Merges with existing metadata
*/
async setMetadata(path: string, metadata: Partial<VFSMetadata>): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(entityId)
// Merge with existing metadata
await this.brain.update({
id: entityId,
metadata: {
...entity.metadata,
...metadata,
modified: Date.now()
}
})
// Invalidate caches
this.invalidateCaches(path)
}
/**
* Set the current user for tracking who makes changes
*/
setUser(username: string): void {
this.currentUser = username || 'system'
}
/**
* Get the current user
*/
getCurrentUser(): string {
return this.currentUser
}
/**
* Search for entities with filters
*/
async searchEntities(query: {
type?: string
name?: string
where?: Record<string, any>
limit?: number
}): Promise<Array<{
id: string
path: string
type: string
metadata: any
}>> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
// Build query for brain.find()
const searchQuery: any = {
where: {
...query.where,
vfsType: 'entity'
},
limit: query.limit || 100
}
if (query.type) {
searchQuery.where.entityType = query.type
}
if (query.name) {
searchQuery.query = query.name
}
const results = await this.brain.find(searchQuery)
return results.map(result => ({
id: result.id,
path: result.entity?.metadata?.path || '',
type: result.entity?.metadata?.type || result.entity?.metadata?.entityType || 'unknown',
metadata: result.entity?.metadata || {}
}))
}
/**
* Sort bulk operations to prevent race conditions
*
* Strategy:
* 1. mkdir operations first, sorted by path depth (shallowest first)
* 2. Other operations (write, delete, update) after, in original order
*
* This ensures parent directories exist before files are written,
* preventing duplicate entity creation from concurrent mkdir calls.
*/
private sortBulkOperations(operations: Array<{
type: 'write' | 'delete' | 'mkdir' | 'update'
path: string
data?: Buffer | string
options?: any
}>): Array<typeof operations[number]> {
const mkdirOps: typeof operations = []
const otherOps: typeof operations = []
for (const op of operations) {
if (op.type === 'mkdir') {
mkdirOps.push(op)
} else {
otherOps.push(op)
}
}
// Sort mkdir by path depth (shallowest first)
mkdirOps.sort((a, b) => {
const depthA = (a.path.match(/\//g) || []).length
const depthB = (b.path.match(/\//g) || []).length
return depthA !== depthB ? depthA - depthB : a.path.localeCompare(b.path)
})
return [...mkdirOps, ...otherOps]
}
/**
* Bulk write operations for performance
*
* Prevents race condition by processing mkdir operations
* sequentially before parallel batch processing of other operations.
*/
async bulkWrite(operations: Array<{
type: 'write' | 'delete' | 'mkdir' | 'update'
path: string
data?: Buffer | string
options?: any
}>): Promise<{
successful: number
failed: Array<{ operation: any, error: string }>
}> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const result = {
successful: 0,
failed: [] as Array<{ operation: any, error: string }>
}
// Sort operations: mkdirs first (by depth), then others
const sortedOps = this.sortBulkOperations(operations)
// Separate mkdir operations for sequential processing
const mkdirOps = sortedOps.filter(op => op.type === 'mkdir')
const otherOps = sortedOps.filter(op => op.type !== 'mkdir')
// Phase 1: Process mkdir operations SEQUENTIALLY
// This prevents the race condition where parallel mkdir calls
// create duplicate directory entities due to mutex timing window
for (const op of mkdirOps) {
try {
await this.mkdir(op.path, op.options)
result.successful++
} catch (error: any) {
result.failed.push({
operation: op,
error: error.message || 'Unknown error'
})
}
}
// Phase 2: Process other operations in parallel batches
// These can safely run in parallel since parent directories now exist
const batchSize = 10
for (let i = 0; i < otherOps.length; i += batchSize) {
const batch = otherOps.slice(i, i + batchSize)
// Process batch in parallel
const promises = batch.map(async (op) => {
try {
switch (op.type) {
case 'write':
await this.writeFile(op.path, op.data || '', op.options)
break
case 'delete':
await this.unlink(op.path)
break
case 'update': {
// Update only metadata without changing content
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(op.path)
await this.brain.update({
id: entityId,
metadata: op.options?.metadata
})
break
}
}
result.successful++
} catch (error: any) {
result.failed.push({
operation: op,
error: error.message || 'Unknown error'
})
}
})
await Promise.all(promises)
}
return result
}
/**
* Calculate disk usage for a path (POSIX du command)
* Returns total bytes used by files in directory tree
*
* @param path - Path to calculate usage for
* @param options - Options including maxDepth for safety
*/
async du(path: string = '/', options?: {
maxDepth?: number
humanReadable?: boolean
}): Promise<{
bytes: number
files: number
directories: number
formatted?: string
}> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const maxDepth = options?.maxDepth ?? 100 // Safety limit
let totalBytes = 0
let fileCount = 0
let dirCount = 0
const traverse = async (currentPath: string, depth: number) => {
if (depth > maxDepth) {
throw new Error(`Maximum depth ${maxDepth} exceeded. Use maxDepth option to increase limit.`)
}
try {
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(currentPath)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(entityId)
if (entity.metadata.vfsType === 'directory') {
dirCount++
const children = await this.readdir(currentPath)
for (const child of children) {
const childPath = currentPath === '/' ? `/${child}` : `${currentPath}/${child}`
await traverse(childPath, depth + 1)
}
} else if (entity.metadata.vfsType === 'file') {
fileCount++
totalBytes += entity.metadata.size || 0
}
} catch (error) {
// Skip inaccessible paths
}
}
await traverse(path, 0)
const result: any = {
bytes: totalBytes,
files: fileCount,
directories: dirCount
}
if (options?.humanReadable) {
const units = ['B', 'KB', 'MB', 'GB', 'TB']
let size = totalBytes
let unitIndex = 0
while (size >= 1024 && unitIndex < units.length - 1) {
size /= 1024
unitIndex++
}
result.formatted = `${size.toFixed(2)} ${units[unitIndex]}`
}
return result
}
/**
* Check file access permissions (POSIX access command)
* Verifies if path exists and is accessible with specified mode
*
* @param path - Path to check
* @param mode - Access mode: 'r' (read), 'w' (write), 'x' (execute), or 'f' (exists only)
*/
async access(path: string, mode: 'r' | 'w' | 'x' | 'f' = 'f'): Promise<boolean> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
try {
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(entityId)
// Path exists
if (mode === 'f') {
return true
}
// Check permissions based on mode
const permissions = entity.metadata.permissions || 0o644
switch (mode) {
case 'r':
// Check read permission (owner, group, or other)
return (permissions & 0o444) !== 0
case 'w':
// Check write permission
return (permissions & 0o222) !== 0
case 'x':
// Check execute permission (only meaningful for directories)
return entity.metadata.vfsType === 'directory' || (permissions & 0o111) !== 0
default:
return false
}
} catch (error) {
// Path doesn't exist or not accessible
return false
}
}
/**
* Find files matching patterns (Unix find command)
* Pattern-based file search (complements semantic search())
*
* @param path - Starting path for search
* @param options - Search options including pattern matching
*/
async find(path: string = '/', options?: {
name?: string | RegExp
type?: 'file' | 'directory' | 'both'
maxDepth?: number
minSize?: number
maxSize?: number
modified?: { after?: Date, before?: Date }
limit?: number
}): Promise<Array<{
path: string
type: 'file' | 'directory'
size?: number
modified?: Date
}>> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const maxDepth = options?.maxDepth ?? 100 // Safety limit
const limit = options?.limit ?? 1000 // Prevent unbounded results
const results: Array<{
path: string
type: 'file' | 'directory'
size?: number
modified?: Date
}> = []
const namePattern = options?.name
const nameRegex = namePattern instanceof RegExp
? namePattern
: namePattern
? new RegExp(namePattern.replace(/\*/g, '.*').replace(/\?/g, '.'))
: null
const traverse = async (currentPath: string, depth: number) => {
if (depth > maxDepth || results.length >= limit) {
return
}
try {
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(currentPath)
const entity = await this.getEntityById(entityId)
const vfsType = entity.metadata.vfsType
const fileName = currentPath.split('/').pop() || ''
// Check if this file matches criteria
let matches = true
// Type filter
if (options?.type && options.type !== 'both') {
matches = matches && vfsType === options.type
}
// Name pattern filter
if (nameRegex) {
matches = matches && nameRegex.test(fileName)
}
// Size filters (files only)
if (vfsType === 'file') {
const size = entity.metadata.size || 0
if (options?.minSize !== undefined) {
matches = matches && size >= options.minSize
}
if (options?.maxSize !== undefined) {
matches = matches && size <= options.maxSize
}
}
// Modified time filter
if (options?.modified && entity.metadata.modified) {
const modifiedTime = new Date(entity.metadata.modified)
if (options.modified.after) {
matches = matches && modifiedTime >= options.modified.after
}
if (options.modified.before) {
matches = matches && modifiedTime <= options.modified.before
}
}
// Add to results if matches
if (matches && currentPath !== path) {
results.push({
path: currentPath,
type: vfsType as 'file' | 'directory',
size: entity.metadata.size,
modified: entity.metadata.modified ? new Date(entity.metadata.modified) : undefined
})
}
// Recurse into directories
if (vfsType === 'directory' && results.length < limit) {
const children = await this.readdir(currentPath)
for (const child of children) {
if (results.length >= limit) break
const childPath = currentPath === '/' ? `/${child}` : `${currentPath}/${child}`
await traverse(childPath, depth + 1)
}
}
} catch (error) {
// Skip inaccessible paths
}
}
await traverse(path, 0)
return results
}
/**
* Open a file as a Node-compatible readable stream.
*
* @param path - The VFS path of the file to read.
* @param options - Stream options (e.g. byte range, chunk size).
* @returns A readable stream that yields the file's bytes.
*/
createReadStream(path: string, options?: ReadStreamOptions): NodeJS.ReadableStream {
// Lazy import to avoid circular dependencies
const { VFSReadStream } = require('./streams/VFSReadStream.js')
return new VFSReadStream(this, path, options)
}
/**
* Open a file as a Node-compatible writable stream.
*
* @param path - The VFS path of the file to write.
* @param options - Stream options controlling how buffered data is flushed.
* @returns A writable stream whose contents are persisted to the file on finish.
*/
createWriteStream(path: string, options?: WriteStreamOptions): NodeJS.WritableStream {
// Lazy import to avoid circular dependencies
const { VFSWriteStream } = require('./streams/VFSWriteStream.js')
return new VFSWriteStream(this, path, options)
}
/**
* Watch a path for changes and invoke a listener on filesystem events.
*
* @param path - The VFS path to watch.
* @param listener - Called with the event type (`'rename'` or `'change'`) and the path.
* @returns A handle whose `close()` method deregisters the listener.
*/
watch(path: string, listener: WatchListener): { close(): void } {
if (!this.watchers.has(path)) {
this.watchers.set(path, new Set())
}
this.watchers.get(path)!.add(listener)
return {
close: () => {
const watchers = this.watchers.get(path)
if (watchers) {
watchers.delete(listener)
if (watchers.size === 0) {
this.watchers.delete(path)
}
}
}
}
}
// ============= Import/Export Operations =============
/**
* Import a single file from the real filesystem into VFS
*/
async importFile(sourcePath: string, targetPath: string): Promise<void> {
const fs = await import('fs/promises')
const pathModule = await import('path')
// Read file from local filesystem
const content = await fs.readFile(sourcePath)
const stats = await fs.stat(sourcePath)
// Ensure parent directory exists in VFS
const parentPath = pathModule.dirname(targetPath)
if (parentPath !== '/' && parentPath !== '.') {
try {
await this.mkdir(parentPath, { recursive: true })
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.code !== 'EEXIST') throw error
}
}
// Write to VFS with metadata from source
await this.writeFile(targetPath, content, {
metadata: {
imported: true,
importedFrom: sourcePath,
sourceSize: stats.size,
sourceMtime: stats.mtime.getTime(),
sourceMode: stats.mode
}
})
}
/**
* Import a directory from the real filesystem into VFS
*/
async importDirectory(sourcePath: string, options?: any): Promise<any> {
const { DirectoryImporter } = await import('./importers/DirectoryImporter.js')
const importer = new DirectoryImporter(this, this.brain)
return await importer.import(sourcePath, options)
}
/**
* Import a directory with progress tracking
*/
async *importStream(sourcePath: string, options?: any): AsyncGenerator<any> {
const { DirectoryImporter } = await import('./importers/DirectoryImporter.js')
const importer = new DirectoryImporter(this, this.brain)
yield* importer.importStream(sourcePath, options)
}
/**
* Register a change listener for a path (Node `fs.watchFile`-style convenience).
*
* Delegates to {@link watch} without returning the watcher handle; remove the
* listener with {@link unwatchFile}.
*
* @param path - The VFS path to watch.
* @param listener - Called with the event type and path on each change.
*/
watchFile(path: string, listener: WatchListener): void {
this.watch(path, listener)
}
/**
* Stop watching a path, removing all listeners registered for it.
*
* @param path - The VFS path to stop watching.
*/
unwatchFile(path: string): void {
this.watchers.delete(path)
}
/**
* Resolve a path and return its backing {@link VFSEntity}.
*
* @param path - The VFS path to resolve.
* @returns The entity (with normalized VFS metadata) for the path.
* @throws {VFSError} ENOENT when the path cannot be resolved.
*/
async getEntity(path: string): Promise<VFSEntity> {
const entityId = await this.pathResolver.resolve(path)
return this.getEntityById(entityId)
}
/**
* Resolve a path to its normalized form
* Returns the normalized absolute path (e.g., '/foo/bar/file.txt')
*/
async resolvePath(path: string, from?: string): Promise<string> {
// Handle relative paths
if (!path.startsWith('/') && from) {
path = `${from}/${path}`
}
// Normalize path: remove multiple slashes, trailing slashes
return path.replace(/\/+/g, '/').replace(/\/$/, '') || '/'
}
/**
* Resolve a path to its entity ID
* Returns the UUID of the entity representing this path
*/
async resolvePathToId(path: string, from?: string): Promise<string> {
// Handle relative paths
if (!path.startsWith('/') && from) {
path = `${from}/${path}`
}
// Normalize path
const normalizedPath = path.replace(/\/+/g, '/').replace(/\/$/, '') || '/'
// Special case for root
if (normalizedPath === '/') {
return this.rootEntityId!
}
// Resolve the path to an entity ID
return await this.pathResolver.resolve(normalizedPath)
}
}