brainy/src/storage/adapters/fileSystemStorage.ts
David Snelling 1aad1f67de feat(8.0): auto pre-upgrade backup — hard-link snapshot before the 7.x→8.0 migration
David's ask: back up the brain before the one-time upgrade, drop it after. On
open, when the on-disk format is stale (a 7.x→8.0 rebuild will run) and the store
holds data, brainy hard-link-snapshots the brain dir to a sibling
`<brainDir>.migration-backup` BEFORE any provider rebuilds — near-zero cost/space
(shared inodes; the store is immutable-by-rename), instant even at scale. Removed
automatically once the upgrade verifies + stamps the marker; retained on failure
for rollback. Default-on; opt out with `migrationBackup: false`.

- Reuses the existing snapshotToDirectory() hard-link farm via new optional
  adapter methods createMigrationBackup()/removeMigrationBackup() (filesystem
  only — feature-detected; memory + non-fs are a graceful no-op).
- Taken before the native provider inits, so it captures true pre-migration
  state; a prior failed upgrade's backup is reused, not overwritten.
- Best-effort: a backup failure never blocks the upgrade (the migration is itself
  safe — reads canonical, reconstructable, self-heals). Catastrophe-insurance
  against a migration bug, not a data-loss guard or an off-device backup.

4 lifecycle tests (adapter hard-link / reuse / remove-without-touching-live /
empty→null; stale-epoch reopen create+remove; opt-out; memory no-op). Gates:
typecheck 0, build 0, test:unit 1753/1753, layout-migration suite 5/5.
2026-07-01 15:04:01 -07:00

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/**
* File System Storage Adapter
* File system storage adapter for Node.js environments
*/
import {
HNSWNoun,
HNSWVerb,
HNSWNounWithMetadata,
HNSWVerbWithMetadata,
StatisticsData,
NounType
} from '../../coreTypes.js'
import {
BaseStorage,
StorageBatchConfig,
SYSTEM_DIR,
STATISTICS_KEY,
WriterLockInfo
} from '../baseStorage.js'
import { getBrainyVersion } from '../../utils/index.js'
// Type aliases for better readability
type HNSWNode = HNSWNoun
type Edge = HNSWVerb
// Node.js modules - dynamically imported to avoid issues in browser environments
let fs: any
let path: any
let zlib: any
let moduleLoadingPromise: Promise<void> | null = null
// Try to load Node.js modules
try {
// Using dynamic imports to avoid issues in browser environments
const fsPromise = import('node:fs')
const pathPromise = import('node:path')
const zlibPromise = import('node:zlib')
moduleLoadingPromise = Promise.all([fsPromise, pathPromise, zlibPromise])
.then(([fsModule, pathModule, zlibModule]) => {
fs = fsModule
path = pathModule.default
zlib = zlibModule
})
.catch((error) => {
console.error('Failed to load Node.js modules:', error)
throw error
})
} catch (error) {
console.error(
'FileSystemStorage: Failed to load Node.js modules. This adapter is not supported in this environment.',
error
)
}
/**
* File system storage adapter for Node.js environments
* Uses the file system to store data in the specified directory structure
*
* Type-aware storage now built into BaseStorage
* - Removed 10 *_internal method overrides (now inherit from BaseStorage's type-first implementation)
* - Removed 2 pagination method overrides (getNounsWithPagination, getVerbsWithPagination)
* - Updated HNSW methods to use BaseStorage's getNoun/saveNoun (type-first paths)
* - All operations now use type-first paths: entities/nouns/{type}/vectors/{shard}/{id}.json
*/
export class FileSystemStorage extends BaseStorage {
// FileSystem-specific count persistence
private countsFilePath?: string // Will be set after init
// Fixed sharding configuration for optimal balance of simplicity and performance
// Single-level sharding (depth=1) provides excellent performance for 1-2.5M entities
// Structure: nouns/ab/uuid.json where 'ab' = first 2 hex chars of UUID
// - 256 shard directories (00-ff)
// - Handles 2.5M+ entities with < 10K files per shard
// - Eliminates dynamic depth changes that cause path mismatch bugs
private readonly SHARDING_DEPTH = 1 as const
private readonly MAX_SHARDS = 256 // Hex range: 00-ff
private cachedShardingDepth: number = this.SHARDING_DEPTH // Always use fixed depth
protected rootDir: string
private nounsDir!: string
private verbsDir!: string
private metadataDir!: string
private nounMetadataDir!: string
private verbMetadataDir!: string
private indexDir!: string // Legacy - for backward compatibility
private systemDir!: string
private lockDir!: string
// Root for raw binary blobs (`<rootDir>/_blobs`). Blobs are stored verbatim
// (no JSON envelope, no compression) so native code can mmap them directly via
// getBinaryBlobPath(). Set in init() once the path module is loaded.
private blobsDir!: string
private activeLocks: Set<string> = new Set()
private lockTimers: Map<string, NodeJS.Timeout> = new Map() // Track timers for cleanup
private allTimers: Set<NodeJS.Timeout> = new Set() // Track all timers for cleanup
// Writer-lock state. The writer lock at `locks/_writer.lock` is acquired
// at Brainy.init() in writer mode and released at close(). A heartbeat
// timer rewrites the lock every 10s so stale-lock detection can tell a dead
// writer from a slow one. The constant name matches the file path used.
private static readonly WRITER_LOCK_FILE = '_writer.lock'
private static readonly WRITER_HEARTBEAT_MS = 10_000
private static readonly WRITER_STALE_THRESHOLD_MS = 60_000
private writerLockHeartbeat?: NodeJS.Timeout
private writerLockInfo?: WriterLockInfo
// Flush-request RPC state. The writer polls `locks/_flush_requests/` for
// new `.req` files and emits `.ack` files in `locks/_flush_responses/` after
// flushing. Inspectors call `requestFlushOverFilesystem` to drop a request
// and wait for the ack. Polling interval is short enough to feel synchronous
// for operator workflows but doesn't pressure the FS.
private static readonly FLUSH_REQUEST_DIR = '_flush_requests'
private static readonly FLUSH_RESPONSE_DIR = '_flush_responses'
private static readonly FLUSH_WATCH_INTERVAL_MS = 500
private static readonly FLUSH_POLL_INTERVAL_MS = 100
private static readonly FLUSH_REQUEST_TTL_MS = 60_000
private flushWatcherInterval?: NodeJS.Timeout
private flushWatcherInFlight = false
private flushWatcherOnRequest?: () => Promise<void>
// CRITICAL FIX: Mutex locks for HNSW concurrency control
// Prevents read-modify-write races during concurrent neighbor updates at scale (1000+ ops)
// Matches MemoryStorage and OPFSStorage behavior (tested in production)
private hnswLocks = new Map<string, Promise<void>>()
// Compression configuration
private compressionEnabled: boolean = true // Enable gzip compression by default for 60-80% disk savings
private compressionLevel: number = 6 // zlib compression level (1-9, default: 6 = balanced)
/**
* Initialize the storage adapter
* @param rootDirectory The root directory for storage
* @param options Optional configuration
*/
constructor(
rootDirectory: string,
options?: {
compression?: boolean // Enable gzip compression (default: true)
compressionLevel?: number // Compression level 1-9 (default: 6)
}
) {
super()
this.rootDir = rootDirectory
// Configure compression
if (options?.compression !== undefined) {
this.compressionEnabled = options.compression
}
if (options?.compressionLevel !== undefined) {
this.compressionLevel = Math.min(9, Math.max(1, options.compressionLevel))
}
// Defer path operations until init() when path module is guaranteed to be loaded
}
/**
* Get FileSystem-optimized batch configuration
*
* File system storage is I/O bound but not rate limited:
* - Large batch sizes (500 items)
* - No delays needed (0ms)
* - Moderate concurrency (100 operations) - limited by I/O threads
* - Parallel processing supported
*
* @returns FileSystem-optimized batch configuration
*/
public override getBatchConfig(): StorageBatchConfig {
return {
maxBatchSize: 500,
batchDelayMs: 0,
maxConcurrent: 100,
supportsParallelWrites: true, // Filesystem handles parallel I/O
rateLimit: {
operationsPerSecond: 5000, // Depends on disk speed
burstCapacity: 2000
}
}
}
/**
* Initialize the storage adapter
*/
public override async init(): Promise<void> {
if (this.isInitialized) {
return
}
// Wait for module loading to complete
if (moduleLoadingPromise) {
try {
await moduleLoadingPromise
} catch (error) {
throw new Error(
'FileSystemStorage requires a Node.js environment, but `fs` and `path` modules could not be loaded.'
)
}
}
// Check if Node.js modules are available
if (!fs || !path) {
throw new Error(
'FileSystemStorage requires a Node.js environment, but `fs` and `path` modules could not be loaded.'
)
}
try {
// Initialize directory paths now that path module is loaded
// Clean directory structure
this.nounsDir = path.join(this.rootDir, 'entities/nouns/hnsw')
this.verbsDir = path.join(this.rootDir, 'entities/verbs/hnsw')
this.metadataDir = path.join(this.rootDir, 'entities/nouns/metadata') // Legacy reference
this.nounMetadataDir = path.join(this.rootDir, 'entities/nouns/metadata')
this.verbMetadataDir = path.join(this.rootDir, 'entities/verbs/metadata')
this.indexDir = path.join(this.rootDir, 'indexes')
this.systemDir = path.join(this.rootDir, SYSTEM_DIR)
this.lockDir = path.join(this.rootDir, 'locks')
this.blobsDir = path.join(this.rootDir, '_blobs')
// Create the root directory if it doesn't exist
await this.ensureDirectoryExists(this.rootDir)
// Create the nouns directory if it doesn't exist
await this.ensureDirectoryExists(this.nounsDir)
// Create the verbs directory if it doesn't exist
await this.ensureDirectoryExists(this.verbsDir)
// Create the metadata directory if it doesn't exist
await this.ensureDirectoryExists(this.metadataDir)
// Create the noun metadata directory if it doesn't exist
await this.ensureDirectoryExists(this.nounMetadataDir)
// Create the verb metadata directory if it doesn't exist
await this.ensureDirectoryExists(this.verbMetadataDir)
// Create both directories for backward compatibility
await this.ensureDirectoryExists(this.systemDir)
// Only create legacy directory if it exists (don't create new legacy dirs)
if (await this.directoryExists(this.indexDir)) {
await this.ensureDirectoryExists(this.indexDir)
}
// Create the locks directory if it doesn't exist
await this.ensureDirectoryExists(this.lockDir)
// Create the binary blobs directory if it doesn't exist
await this.ensureDirectoryExists(this.blobsDir)
// Initialize count management
this.countsFilePath = path.join(this.systemDir, 'counts.json')
await this.initializeCounts()
// Detect existing sharding structure and migrate if needed
const detectedDepth = await this.detectExistingShardingDepth()
if (detectedDepth !== null && detectedDepth !== this.SHARDING_DEPTH) {
// Migration needed: existing structure doesn't match our fixed depth
console.log(`📦 Brainy Storage Migration`)
console.log(` Current structure: depth ${detectedDepth}`)
console.log(` Target structure: depth ${this.SHARDING_DEPTH}`)
console.log(` Entities to migrate: ${this.totalNounCount}`)
await this.migrateShardingStructure(detectedDepth, this.SHARDING_DEPTH)
console.log(`✅ Migration complete - now using depth ${this.SHARDING_DEPTH} sharding`)
} else if (detectedDepth === null) {
// New installation
console.log(`📁 New installation: using depth ${this.SHARDING_DEPTH} sharding (optimal for 1-2.5M entities)`)
} else {
// Already using correct depth
console.log(`📁 Using depth ${this.SHARDING_DEPTH} sharding (${this.totalNounCount} entities)`)
}
// Always use fixed depth after migration/detection
this.cachedShardingDepth = this.SHARDING_DEPTH
// Initialize GraphAdjacencyIndex and type statistics
await super.init()
} catch (error) {
console.error('Error initializing FileSystemStorage:', error)
throw error
}
}
/**
* Check if a directory exists
*/
private async directoryExists(dirPath: string): Promise<boolean> {
try {
const stats = await fs.promises.stat(dirPath)
return stats.isDirectory()
} catch (error) {
return false
}
}
/**
* Ensure a directory exists, creating it if necessary
*/
private async ensureDirectoryExists(dirPath: string): Promise<void> {
try {
await fs.promises.mkdir(dirPath, { recursive: true })
} catch (error: any) {
// Ignore EEXIST error, which means the directory already exists
if (error.code !== 'EEXIST') {
throw error
}
}
}
/**
* Save a node to storage
* CRITICAL FIX: Added atomic write pattern to prevent file corruption during concurrent imports
*/
protected async saveNode(node: HNSWNode): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
// Convert connections Map to a serializable format
// CRITICAL: Only save lightweight vector data (no metadata)
// Metadata is saved separately via saveNounMetadata() (2-file system)
const serializableNode = {
id: node.id,
vector: node.vector,
connections: this.mapToObject(node.connections, (set) =>
Array.from(set as Set<string>)
),
level: node.level || 0
// NO metadata field - saved separately for scalability
}
const filePath = this.getNodePath(node.id)
const tempPath = `${filePath}.tmp.${Date.now()}.${Math.random().toString(36).substring(2)}`
try {
// ATOMIC WRITE SEQUENCE:
// 1. Write to temp file
await this.ensureDirectoryExists(path.dirname(tempPath))
await fs.promises.writeFile(tempPath, JSON.stringify(serializableNode, null, 2))
// 2. Atomic rename temp → final (crash-safe, prevents truncation during concurrent writes)
await fs.promises.rename(tempPath, filePath)
} catch (error: any) {
// Clean up temp file on any error
try {
await fs.promises.unlink(tempPath)
} catch (cleanupError) {
// Ignore cleanup errors
}
throw error
}
// Count tracking happens in baseStorage.saveNounMetadata_internal
// This fixes the race condition where metadata didn't exist yet
}
/**
* Get a node from storage
*/
protected async getNode(id: string): Promise<HNSWNode | null> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
// Clean, predictable path - no backward compatibility needed
const filePath = this.getNodePath(id)
try {
const data = await fs.promises.readFile(filePath, 'utf-8')
const parsedNode = JSON.parse(data)
// Convert serialized connections back to Map<number, Set<string>>
const connections = new Map<number, Set<string>>()
for (const [level, nodeIds] of Object.entries(parsedNode.connections)) {
connections.set(Number(level), new Set(nodeIds as string[]))
}
// CRITICAL: Only return lightweight vector data (no metadata)
// Metadata is retrieved separately via getNounMetadata() (2-file system)
return {
id: parsedNode.id,
vector: parsedNode.vector,
connections,
level: parsedNode.level || 0
// NO metadata field - retrieved separately for scalability
}
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.code !== 'ENOENT') {
console.error(`Error reading node ${id}:`, error)
}
return null
}
}
/**
* Get all nodes from storage
* CRITICAL FIX: Now scans sharded subdirectories (depth=1)
* Previously only scanned flat directory, causing rebuild to find 0 entities
*/
protected async getAllNodes(): Promise<HNSWNode[]> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const allNodes: HNSWNode[] = []
try {
// FIX: Use sharded file discovery instead of flat directory read
// This scans all 256 shard subdirectories (00-ff) to find actual files
const files = await this.getAllShardedFiles(this.nounsDir)
for (const file of files) {
// Extract ID from filename and use sharded path
const id = file.replace('.json', '')
const filePath = this.getNodePath(id)
const data = await fs.promises.readFile(filePath, 'utf-8')
const parsedNode = JSON.parse(data)
// Convert serialized connections back to Map<number, Set<string>>
const connections = new Map<number, Set<string>>()
for (const [level, nodeIds] of Object.entries(
parsedNode.connections
)) {
connections.set(Number(level), new Set(nodeIds as string[]))
}
allNodes.push({
id: parsedNode.id,
vector: parsedNode.vector,
connections,
level: parsedNode.level || 0
})
}
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.code !== 'ENOENT') {
console.error(`Error reading directory ${this.nounsDir}:`, error)
}
}
return allNodes
}
/**
* Get nodes by noun type
* CRITICAL FIX: Now scans sharded subdirectories (depth=1)
* @param nounType The noun type to filter by
* @returns Promise that resolves to an array of nodes of the specified noun type
*/
protected async getNodesByNounType(nounType: string): Promise<HNSWNode[]> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const nouns: HNSWNode[] = []
try {
// FIX: Use sharded file discovery instead of flat directory read
const files = await this.getAllShardedFiles(this.nounsDir)
for (const file of files) {
// Extract ID from filename and use sharded path
const nodeId = file.replace('.json', '')
const filePath = this.getNodePath(nodeId)
const data = await fs.promises.readFile(filePath, 'utf-8')
const parsedNode = JSON.parse(data)
// Filter by noun type using metadata
const metadata = await this.getMetadata(nodeId)
if (metadata && metadata.noun === nounType) {
// Convert serialized connections back to Map<number, Set<string>>
const connections = new Map<number, Set<string>>()
for (const [level, nodeIds] of Object.entries(
parsedNode.connections
)) {
connections.set(Number(level), new Set(nodeIds as string[]))
}
nouns.push({
id: parsedNode.id,
vector: parsedNode.vector,
connections,
level: parsedNode.level || 0
})
}
}
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.code !== 'ENOENT') {
console.error(`Error reading directory ${this.nounsDir}:`, error)
}
}
return nouns
}
/**
* Delete a node from storage
*/
protected async deleteNode(id: string): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const filePath = this.getNodePath(id)
// Load metadata to get type for count update (separate storage)
try {
const metadata = await this.getNounMetadata(id)
if (metadata) {
const type = metadata.noun || 'default'
this.decrementEntityCount(type)
}
} catch {
// Metadata might not exist, that's ok
}
try {
await fs.promises.unlink(filePath)
// Persist counts periodically
if (this.totalNounCount % 10 === 0) {
await this.persistCounts()
}
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.code !== 'ENOENT') {
console.error(`Error deleting node file ${filePath}:`, error)
throw error
}
}
}
/**
* Save an edge to storage
* CRITICAL FIX: Added atomic write pattern to prevent file corruption during concurrent imports
*/
protected async saveEdge(edge: Edge): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
// Convert connections Map to a serializable format
// ARCHITECTURAL FIX: Include core relational fields in verb vector file
// These fields are essential for 90% of operations - no metadata lookup needed
const serializableEdge = {
id: edge.id,
vector: edge.vector,
connections: this.mapToObject(edge.connections, (set) =>
Array.from(set as Set<string>)
),
// CORE RELATIONAL DATA
verb: edge.verb,
sourceId: edge.sourceId,
targetId: edge.targetId,
// User metadata (if any) - saved separately for scalability
// metadata field is saved separately via saveVerbMetadata()
}
const filePath = this.getVerbPath(edge.id)
const tempPath = `${filePath}.tmp.${Date.now()}.${Math.random().toString(36).substring(2)}`
try {
// ATOMIC WRITE SEQUENCE:
// 1. Write to temp file
await this.ensureDirectoryExists(path.dirname(tempPath))
await fs.promises.writeFile(tempPath, JSON.stringify(serializableEdge, null, 2))
// 2. Atomic rename temp → final (crash-safe, prevents truncation during concurrent writes)
await fs.promises.rename(tempPath, filePath)
} catch (error: any) {
// Clean up temp file on any error
try {
await fs.promises.unlink(tempPath)
} catch (cleanupError) {
// Ignore cleanup errors
}
throw error
}
// Count tracking happens in baseStorage.saveVerbMetadata_internal
// This fixes the race condition where metadata didn't exist yet
}
/**
* Get an edge from storage
*/
protected async getEdge(id: string): Promise<Edge | null> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const filePath = this.getVerbPath(id)
try {
const data = await fs.promises.readFile(filePath, 'utf-8')
const parsedEdge = JSON.parse(data)
// Convert serialized connections back to Map<number, Set<string>>
const connections = new Map<number, Set<string>>()
for (const [level, nodeIds] of Object.entries(parsedEdge.connections)) {
connections.set(Number(level), new Set(nodeIds as string[]))
}
// Return HNSWVerb with core relational fields (NO metadata field)
return {
id: parsedEdge.id,
vector: parsedEdge.vector,
connections,
// CORE RELATIONAL DATA (read from vector file)
verb: parsedEdge.verb,
sourceId: parsedEdge.sourceId,
targetId: parsedEdge.targetId
// ✅ NO metadata field
// User metadata retrieved separately via getVerbMetadata()
}
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.code !== 'ENOENT') {
console.error(`Error reading edge ${id}:`, error)
}
return null
}
}
/**
* Get all edges from storage
* CRITICAL FIX: Now scans sharded subdirectories (depth=1)
* Previously only scanned flat directory, causing rebuild to find 0 relationships
*/
protected async getAllEdges(): Promise<Edge[]> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const allEdges: Edge[] = []
try {
// FIX: Use sharded file discovery instead of flat directory read
// This scans all 256 shard subdirectories (00-ff) to find actual files
const files = await this.getAllShardedFiles(this.verbsDir)
for (const file of files) {
// Extract ID from filename and use sharded path
const id = file.replace('.json', '')
const filePath = this.getVerbPath(id)
const data = await fs.promises.readFile(filePath, 'utf-8')
const parsedEdge = JSON.parse(data)
// Convert serialized connections back to Map<number, Set<string>>
const connections = new Map<number, Set<string>>()
for (const [level, nodeIds] of Object.entries(
parsedEdge.connections
)) {
connections.set(Number(level), new Set(nodeIds as string[]))
}
// Include core relational fields (NO metadata field)
allEdges.push({
id: parsedEdge.id,
vector: parsedEdge.vector,
connections,
// CORE RELATIONAL DATA
verb: parsedEdge.verb,
sourceId: parsedEdge.sourceId,
targetId: parsedEdge.targetId
// ✅ NO metadata field
// User metadata retrieved separately via getVerbMetadata()
})
}
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.code !== 'ENOENT') {
console.error(`Error reading directory ${this.verbsDir}:`, error)
}
}
return allEdges
}
/**
* Delete an edge from storage
*/
protected async deleteEdge(id: string): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
// Delete the HNSWVerb file using sharded path
const filePath = this.getVerbPath(id)
try {
await fs.promises.unlink(filePath)
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.code !== 'ENOENT') {
console.error(`Error deleting edge file ${filePath}:`, error)
throw error
}
}
// CRITICAL: Also delete verb metadata - this is what getVerbs() uses to find verbs
// Without this, getVerbsBySource() will still find "deleted" verbs via their metadata
try {
const metadata = await this.getVerbMetadata(id)
if (metadata) {
const verbType = (metadata.verb || metadata.type || 'default') as string
this.decrementVerbCount(verbType)
await this.deleteVerbMetadata(id)
}
} catch (error) {
// Ignore metadata deletion errors - verb file is already deleted
console.warn(`Failed to delete verb metadata for ${id}:`, error)
}
}
/**
* Primitive operation: Write object to path
* All metadata operations use this internally via base class routing
* Supports gzip compression for 60-80% disk savings
* CRITICAL FIX: Added atomic write pattern to prevent file corruption during concurrent imports
*/
protected async writeObjectToPath(pathStr: string, data: any): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const fullPath = path.join(this.rootDir, pathStr)
await this.ensureDirectoryExists(path.dirname(fullPath))
if (this.compressionEnabled) {
// Write compressed data with .gz extension using atomic pattern
const compressedPath = `${fullPath}.gz`
const tempPath = `${compressedPath}.tmp.${Date.now()}.${Math.random().toString(36).substring(2)}`
try {
// ATOMIC WRITE SEQUENCE:
// 1. Compress and write to temp file
const jsonString = JSON.stringify(data, null, 2)
const compressed = await new Promise<Buffer>((resolve, reject) => {
zlib.gzip(Buffer.from(jsonString, 'utf-8'), { level: this.compressionLevel }, (err: any, result: Buffer) => {
if (err) reject(err)
else resolve(result)
})
})
await fs.promises.writeFile(tempPath, compressed)
// 2. Atomic rename temp → final (crash-safe, prevents truncation during concurrent writes)
await fs.promises.rename(tempPath, compressedPath)
} catch (error: any) {
// Clean up temp file on any error
try {
await fs.promises.unlink(tempPath)
} catch (cleanupError) {
// Ignore cleanup errors
}
throw error
}
// Clean up uncompressed file if it exists (migration from uncompressed)
try {
await fs.promises.unlink(fullPath)
} catch (error: any) {
// Ignore if file doesn't exist
if (error.code !== 'ENOENT') {
console.warn(`Failed to remove uncompressed file ${fullPath}:`, error)
}
}
} else {
// Write uncompressed data using atomic pattern
const tempPath = `${fullPath}.tmp.${Date.now()}.${Math.random().toString(36).substring(2)}`
try {
// ATOMIC WRITE SEQUENCE:
// 1. Write to temp file
await fs.promises.writeFile(tempPath, JSON.stringify(data, null, 2))
// 2. Atomic rename temp → final (crash-safe, prevents truncation during concurrent writes)
await fs.promises.rename(tempPath, fullPath)
} catch (error: any) {
// Clean up temp file on any error
try {
await fs.promises.unlink(tempPath)
} catch (cleanupError) {
// Ignore cleanup errors
}
throw error
}
}
}
/**
* Primitive operation: Read object from path
* All metadata operations use this internally via base class routing
* Enhanced error handling for corrupted metadata files (Bug #3 mitigation)
* Supports reading both compressed (.gz) and uncompressed files for backward compatibility
*/
protected async readObjectFromPath(pathStr: string): Promise<any | null> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const fullPath = path.join(this.rootDir, pathStr)
const compressedPath = `${fullPath}.gz`
// Try reading compressed file first (if compression is enabled or file exists)
try {
const compressedData = await fs.promises.readFile(compressedPath)
const decompressed = await new Promise<Buffer>((resolve, reject) => {
zlib.gunzip(compressedData, (err: any, result: Buffer) => {
if (err) reject(err)
else resolve(result)
})
})
return JSON.parse(decompressed.toString('utf-8'))
} catch (error: any) {
// If compressed file doesn't exist, fall back to uncompressed
if (error.code !== 'ENOENT') {
console.warn(`Failed to read compressed file ${compressedPath}:`, error)
}
}
// Fall back to reading uncompressed file (for backward compatibility)
try {
const data = await fs.promises.readFile(fullPath, 'utf-8')
return JSON.parse(data)
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.code === 'ENOENT') {
return null
}
// Enhanced error handling for corrupted JSON files (race condition from Bug #3)
if (error instanceof SyntaxError || error.name === 'SyntaxError') {
console.warn(
`⚠️ Corrupted metadata file detected: ${pathStr}\n` +
` This may be caused by concurrent writes during import.\n` +
` Gracefully skipping this entry. File may be repaired on next write.`
)
return null
}
console.error(`Error reading object from ${pathStr}:`, error)
return null
}
}
/**
* Primitive operation: Delete object from path
* All metadata operations use this internally via base class routing
* Deletes both compressed and uncompressed versions (for cleanup)
*/
protected async deleteObjectFromPath(pathStr: string): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const fullPath = path.join(this.rootDir, pathStr)
const compressedPath = `${fullPath}.gz`
// Try deleting both compressed and uncompressed files (for cleanup during migration)
let deletedCount = 0
// Delete compressed file
try {
await fs.promises.unlink(compressedPath)
deletedCount++
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.code !== 'ENOENT') {
console.warn(`Error deleting compressed file ${compressedPath}:`, error)
}
}
// Delete uncompressed file
try {
await fs.promises.unlink(fullPath)
deletedCount++
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.code !== 'ENOENT') {
console.error(`Error deleting uncompressed file ${pathStr}:`, error)
throw error
}
}
// If neither file existed, it's not an error (already deleted)
if (deletedCount === 0) {
// File doesn't exist - this is fine
}
}
/**
* Primitive operation: List objects under path prefix
* All metadata operations use this internally via base class routing
* Handles both .json and .json.gz files, normalizes paths
*/
protected async listObjectsUnderPath(prefix: string): Promise<string[]> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const fullPath = path.join(this.rootDir, prefix)
const paths: string[] = []
const seen = new Set<string>() // Track files to avoid duplicates (both .json and .json.gz)
try {
const entries = await fs.promises.readdir(fullPath, { withFileTypes: true })
for (const entry of entries) {
if (entry.isFile()) {
// Handle multiple compression formats for broad compatibility
// - .json.gz: Standard entity/metadata files (JSON compressed)
// - .gz: Raw compressed payloads (e.g. blob-store binary values)
// - .json: Uncompressed JSON files
if (entry.name.endsWith('.json.gz')) {
// Strip .gz extension and add the .json path
const normalizedName = entry.name.slice(0, -3) // Remove .gz
const normalizedPath = path.join(prefix, normalizedName)
if (!seen.has(normalizedPath)) {
paths.push(normalizedPath)
seen.add(normalizedPath)
}
} else if (entry.name.endsWith('.gz')) {
// Raw payloads stored as .gz (not .json.gz)
// Strip .gz extension and return path
const normalizedName = entry.name.slice(0, -3) // Remove .gz
const normalizedPath = path.join(prefix, normalizedName)
if (!seen.has(normalizedPath)) {
paths.push(normalizedPath)
seen.add(normalizedPath)
}
} else if (entry.name.endsWith('.json')) {
const filePath = path.join(prefix, entry.name)
if (!seen.has(filePath)) {
paths.push(filePath)
seen.add(filePath)
}
}
} else if (entry.isDirectory()) {
const subpath = path.join(prefix, entry.name)
const subdirPaths = await this.listObjectsUnderPath(subpath)
paths.push(...subdirPaths)
}
}
return paths.sort()
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.code === 'ENOENT') {
return []
}
throw error
}
}
// ===========================================================================
// Generational record layer (8.0 MVCC) — durability + snapshot primitives
// ===========================================================================
/**
* Storage-root-relative paths that are mutated **in place** (appended to)
* rather than replaced via atomic tmp+rename. `snapshotToDirectory()` must
* byte-copy these instead of hard-linking them: a hard link shares the
* inode, so a post-snapshot append to the live file would silently mutate
* the snapshot. Every other persisted file in this adapter is written via
* tmp+rename (objects, blobs, counts, locks are excluded entirely), which
* makes hard links safe — a rewrite swaps in a new inode and the snapshot
* keeps the old one.
*/
private static readonly SNAPSHOT_BYTE_COPY_PATHS = new Set<string>([
`${SYSTEM_DIR}/tx-log.jsonl`
])
/**
* Top-level directories excluded from snapshots: process-local lock state
* (writer lock, flush-request RPC files) must never travel with the data.
*/
private static readonly SNAPSHOT_EXCLUDED_TOP_DIRS = new Set<string>(['locks'])
/**
* Remove every object under a storage-root-relative prefix — one recursive
* directory removal instead of the base class's list+delete loop.
*
* @param prefix - Storage-root-relative directory prefix to remove.
*/
public override async removeRawPrefix(prefix: string): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
await fs.promises.rm(path.join(this.rootDir, prefix), { recursive: true, force: true })
}
/**
* Durability barrier: `fsync` each listed object file (resolving the
* compressed `.gz` variant when present) and then the set of parent
* directories, so both the file contents and the rename directory entries
* are durable before the commit protocol proceeds. Paths whose file no
* longer exists are skipped (a later step may have replaced them).
*
* @param paths - Storage-root-relative object paths previously written.
*/
public override async syncRawObjects(paths: string[]): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const parentDirs = new Set<string>()
for (const objectPath of paths) {
const fullPath = path.join(this.rootDir, objectPath)
for (const candidate of [`${fullPath}.gz`, fullPath]) {
let handle: any
try {
handle = await fs.promises.open(candidate, 'r')
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.code === 'ENOENT') continue
throw error
}
try {
await handle.sync()
} finally {
await handle.close()
}
parentDirs.add(path.dirname(fullPath))
break
}
}
for (const dir of parentDirs) {
let handle: any
try {
handle = await fs.promises.open(dir, 'r')
} catch {
continue // directory vanished or platform disallows opening dirs
}
try {
await handle.sync()
} catch {
// Some platforms (and some filesystems) reject directory fsync —
// file-level fsync above already covers the data itself.
} finally {
await handle.close()
}
}
}
/**
* Append one line to `_system/tx-log.jsonl`. Plain `appendFile` — the
* tx-log is the one append-in-place file in the store (and is byte-copied,
* never hard-linked, by {@link FileSystemStorage.snapshotToDirectory}).
*
* @param line - One complete JSON document, without trailing newline.
*/
public async appendTxLogLine(line: string): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const logPath = path.join(this.systemDir, 'tx-log.jsonl')
await fs.promises.appendFile(logPath, `${line}\n`, 'utf-8')
}
/**
* Read all tx-log lines, oldest first (empty array when no log exists).
* Torn trailing lines from a crashed append are returned as-is — callers
* tolerate unparseable lines.
*/
public async readTxLogLines(): Promise<string[]> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const logPath = path.join(this.systemDir, 'tx-log.jsonl')
try {
const content: string = await fs.promises.readFile(logPath, 'utf-8')
return content.split('\n').filter((l: string) => l.length > 0)
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.code === 'ENOENT') return []
throw error
}
}
/**
* Snapshot the entire store into `targetPath` as a hard-link farm
* (Cassandra-style: instant, space-shared). Safe because every data file
* is immutable-by-rename — rewrites swap in new inodes, leaving the
* snapshot's links pointing at the old bytes. The two exceptions are
* handled explicitly: append-in-place files
* ({@link FileSystemStorage.SNAPSHOT_BYTE_COPY_PATHS}) are byte-copied, and
* process-local lock state
* ({@link FileSystemStorage.SNAPSHOT_EXCLUDED_TOP_DIRS}) is excluded.
* Cross-device targets (where `link(2)` fails with `EXDEV`) fall back to
* byte copies per file.
*
* @param targetPath - Absolute directory for the snapshot. Created if
* missing; must be empty or absent (refuses to overwrite).
*/
public async snapshotToDirectory(targetPath: string): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
try {
const existing = await fs.promises.readdir(targetPath)
if (existing.length > 0) {
throw new Error(
`snapshotToDirectory: target ${targetPath} already exists and is not empty. ` +
`Choose a fresh directory per snapshot.`
)
}
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.code !== 'ENOENT') throw error
}
await fs.promises.mkdir(targetPath, { recursive: true })
const files: string[] = []
await this.collectSnapshotFiles(this.rootDir, '', files)
for (const relPath of files) {
const sourceFile = path.join(this.rootDir, relPath)
const targetFile = path.join(targetPath, relPath)
await fs.promises.mkdir(path.dirname(targetFile), { recursive: true })
// Byte-copy list: compare against the normalized (extension-preserving)
// relative path with separators unified, so `_system/tx-log.jsonl`
// matches on every platform.
const normalized = relPath.split(path.sep).join('/')
if (FileSystemStorage.SNAPSHOT_BYTE_COPY_PATHS.has(normalized)) {
await fs.promises.copyFile(sourceFile, targetFile)
continue
}
try {
await fs.promises.link(sourceFile, targetFile)
} catch (error: any) {
// EXDEV: cross-device; EPERM/ENOTSUP: filesystem forbids links.
// ENOENT: the live file was atomically replaced mid-walk — retry as
// a copy of whatever is current (single-writer discipline means this
// only happens for derived files being flushed concurrently).
if (['EXDEV', 'EPERM', 'ENOTSUP', 'ENOENT'].includes(error.code)) {
try {
await fs.promises.copyFile(sourceFile, targetFile)
} catch (copyError: any) {
if (copyError.code !== 'ENOENT') throw copyError
}
} else {
throw error
}
}
}
}
/**
* @description Pre-upgrade backup: a hard-link snapshot of the whole store into
* a SIBLING directory (`<rootDir>.migration-backup`, outside `rootDir` so the
* snapshot never recurses into itself), taken before a 7.x → 8.0 upgrade
* rebuilds the derived indexes. Zero-copy (shared inodes; the store is
* immutable-by-rename) and instant even at scale. Returns the backup path, or
* `null` when the store holds no canonical nouns (nothing to protect). If a
* backup already exists from a prior FAILED upgrade, it is REUSED as-is (that
* is the true pre-upgrade state; a retry must not overwrite it).
*/
public async createMigrationBackup(): Promise<string | null> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
// Nothing to protect if the store has no canonical nouns (e.g. a brand-new
// brain whose marker is simply absent — `epochStale` is true but there is no
// 7.x data to migrate).
const probe = await this.getNouns({ pagination: { limit: 1 } })
if ((probe.totalCount || 0) === 0 && probe.items.length === 0) {
return null
}
const backupPath = `${this.rootDir}.migration-backup`
// Reuse an existing backup (a prior failed upgrade's pre-state) rather than
// overwrite it — snapshotToDirectory also refuses a non-empty target.
try {
const existing = await fs.promises.readdir(backupPath)
if (existing.length > 0) return backupPath
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.code !== 'ENOENT') throw error
}
await this.snapshotToDirectory(backupPath)
return backupPath
}
/**
* @description Remove a {@link createMigrationBackup} snapshot. Best-effort: a
* missing path is a no-op, and any error is swallowed (a leftover backup dir is
* harmless — the operator can delete it). Removing the hard-links never touches
* the live store's bytes (shared inodes; only the extra links go away).
*/
public async removeMigrationBackup(location: string): Promise<void> {
try {
await fs.promises.rm(location, { recursive: true, force: true })
} catch {
// best-effort — leaving the backup behind is safe
}
}
/**
* Recursively collect snapshot-eligible files under `dirAbs`, excluding the
* lock directory and in-flight `*.tmp.*` write files.
*/
private async collectSnapshotFiles(dirAbs: string, relPrefix: string, out: string[]): Promise<void> {
let entries: any[]
try {
entries = await fs.promises.readdir(dirAbs, { withFileTypes: true })
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.code === 'ENOENT') return
throw error
}
for (const entry of entries) {
const rel = relPrefix ? path.join(relPrefix, entry.name) : entry.name
if (entry.isDirectory()) {
if (relPrefix === '' && FileSystemStorage.SNAPSHOT_EXCLUDED_TOP_DIRS.has(entry.name)) {
continue
}
await this.collectSnapshotFiles(path.join(dirAbs, entry.name), rel, out)
} else if (entry.isFile()) {
if (entry.name.includes('.tmp.')) continue // in-flight atomic write
out.push(rel)
}
}
}
/**
* Replace the store's contents from a snapshot directory: every current
* top-level entry except `locks/` (the live writer lock must survive) is
* removed, the snapshot is byte-copied in (`fs.cp` — never hard-linked, so
* the snapshot stays independent of the restored store), and all
* adapter-internal derived state is reloaded.
*
* @param sourcePath - Absolute path of a directory produced by
* {@link FileSystemStorage.snapshotToDirectory}.
*/
public async restoreFromDirectory(sourcePath: string): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const sourceStat = await fs.promises.stat(sourcePath).catch(() => null)
if (!sourceStat || !sourceStat.isDirectory()) {
throw new Error(`restoreFromDirectory: ${sourcePath} is not a directory`)
}
// Clear current contents, preserving live lock state.
const currentEntries = await fs.promises.readdir(this.rootDir)
for (const entry of currentEntries) {
if (FileSystemStorage.SNAPSHOT_EXCLUDED_TOP_DIRS.has(entry)) continue
await fs.promises.rm(path.join(this.rootDir, entry), { recursive: true, force: true })
}
// Byte-copy the snapshot in (defensively skipping lock dirs in old snapshots).
const sourceEntries = await fs.promises.readdir(sourcePath)
for (const entry of sourceEntries) {
if (FileSystemStorage.SNAPSHOT_EXCLUDED_TOP_DIRS.has(entry)) continue
await fs.promises.cp(path.join(sourcePath, entry), path.join(this.rootDir, entry), {
recursive: true
})
}
await this.reloadDerivedState()
}
// ===========================================================================
// Raw binary-blob primitive (mmap-friendly)
// ===========================================================================
/**
* Resolve a blob key to its on-disk path under `<rootDir>/_blobs`.
*
* The key's "/"-separated segments become nested directories and the file is
* suffixed with `.bin`, e.g. `"graph-lsm/source/sstable-123"` →
* `<rootDir>/_blobs/graph-lsm/source/sstable-123.bin`. This convention is
* shared with cortex's `MmapFileSystemStorage` so native code and the TS layer
* agree on exactly where each blob lives.
*
* @param key - The blob key.
* @returns The absolute on-disk path for the blob.
* @private
*/
private blobPath(key: string): string {
// `path` and `blobsDir` are populated in init(). If a caller resolves a blob
// path before init() (e.g. native code probing for a mmap target), fall back
// to a POSIX-style join off rootDir so this synchronous method never throws.
if (path && this.blobsDir) {
return path.join(this.blobsDir, ...key.split('/')) + '.bin'
}
return `${this.rootDir}/_blobs/${key}.bin`
}
/**
* Persist a raw binary blob verbatim under `key`, using an atomic
* temp-file + rename so concurrent readers never observe a torn write.
* Parent directories are created on demand.
*
* @param key - The blob key (see {@link getBinaryBlobPath} for the convention).
* @param data - The exact bytes to store.
*/
public async saveBinaryBlob(key: string, data: Buffer): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const filePath = this.blobPath(key)
await this.ensureDirectoryExists(path.dirname(filePath))
// Unique per-writer temp suffix — matches the pattern used at every other
// atomic-write site in this file (lines 336, 551, 744, 781, 1529, 2908).
// Without a unique suffix, two concurrent saveBinaryBlob() calls for the
// same key collide on `${filePath}.tmp`: both writeFile, the first rename
// succeeds, the second fires against a missing temp and throws ENOENT.
// Reproduced in production: column-store compaction running alongside an
// explicit flush() repeatedly raced on `_column_index/<field>/DELETED.bin`.
const tmpPath = `${filePath}.tmp.${process.pid}.${Date.now()}.${Math.random().toString(36).slice(2)}`
await fs.promises.writeFile(tmpPath, data)
try {
await fs.promises.rename(tmpPath, filePath)
} catch (err) {
const code = (err as NodeJS.ErrnoException).code
// The writes are idempotent for a given key — every caller persists the
// same logical bytes for that key — so ENOENT on rename means the temp
// is already gone (rare with the unique suffix, but defensive against
// crash-resume cleanup paths and external file-system sweepers).
if (code === 'ENOENT') return
// Any other failure: clean up our own temp to avoid orphans before rethrow.
await fs.promises.unlink(tmpPath).catch(() => {})
throw err
}
}
/**
* Load the raw bytes stored under `key`, or `null` if the blob does not exist.
*
* @param key - The blob key.
* @returns The blob bytes, or `null` if absent.
*/
public async loadBinaryBlob(key: string): Promise<Buffer | null> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
try {
return await fs.promises.readFile(this.blobPath(key))
} catch {
return null
}
}
/**
* Delete the blob stored under `key`. Missing blobs are ignored.
*
* @param key - The blob key.
*/
public async deleteBinaryBlob(key: string): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
try {
await fs.promises.unlink(this.blobPath(key))
} catch {
/* ignore missing files */
}
}
/**
* Return the real on-disk path for `key` so native code can mmap the file
* directly. The path is returned whether or not the file currently exists —
* callers are expected to write before mapping.
*
* @param key - The blob key.
* @returns The absolute on-disk path (never `null` for filesystem storage).
*/
public getBinaryBlobPath(key: string): string | null {
return this.blobPath(key)
}
/**
* Get multiple metadata objects in batches (CRITICAL: Prevents socket exhaustion)
* FileSystem implementation uses controlled concurrency to prevent too many file reads
*/
public async getMetadataBatch(ids: string[]): Promise<Map<string, any>> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const results = new Map<string, any>()
const batchSize = 10 // Process 10 files at a time
// Process in batches to avoid overwhelming the filesystem
for (let i = 0; i < ids.length; i += batchSize) {
const batch = ids.slice(i, i + batchSize)
const batchPromises = batch.map(async (id) => {
try {
// CRITICAL: Use getNounMetadata() instead of deprecated getMetadata()
// This ensures we fetch from the correct noun metadata store (2-file system)
const metadata = await this.getNounMetadata(id)
return { id, metadata }
} catch (error) {
console.debug(`Failed to read metadata for ${id}:`, error)
return { id, metadata: null }
}
})
const batchResults = await Promise.all(batchPromises)
for (const { id, metadata } of batchResults) {
if (metadata !== null) {
results.set(id, metadata)
}
}
// Small yield between batches
await new Promise(resolve => setImmediate(resolve))
}
return results
}
/**
* Get nouns with pagination support
* @param options Pagination options
*/
// Removed getNounsWithPagination override - now uses BaseStorage's type-first implementation
/**
* Clear all data from storage
*/
public async clear(): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
// Check if fs module is available
if (!fs || !fs.promises) {
console.warn('FileSystemStorage.clear: fs module not available, skipping clear operation')
return
}
// Helper function to remove all files in a directory
const removeDirectoryContents = async (dirPath: string): Promise<void> => {
try {
const files = await fs.promises.readdir(dirPath)
for (const file of files) {
const filePath = path.join(dirPath, file)
const stats = await fs.promises.stat(filePath)
if (stats.isDirectory()) {
await removeDirectoryContents(filePath)
await fs.promises.rmdir(filePath)
} else {
await fs.promises.unlink(filePath)
}
}
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.code !== 'ENOENT') {
console.error(`Error removing directory contents ${dirPath}:`, error)
throw error
}
}
}
// Clear the canonical entity/verb data area
const entitiesDir = path.join(this.rootDir, 'entities')
if (await this.directoryExists(entitiesDir)) {
await removeDirectoryContents(entitiesDir)
}
// Remove all files in both system directories
await removeDirectoryContents(this.systemDir)
if (await this.directoryExists(this.indexDir)) {
await removeDirectoryContents(this.indexDir)
}
// Remove the content-addressed blob store (VFS file content)
const casDir = path.join(this.rootDir, '_cas')
if (await this.directoryExists(casDir)) {
// Delete the entire _cas/ directory (not just contents)
await fs.promises.rm(casDir, { recursive: true, force: true })
}
// Reset ALL shared derived state via the same path restore uses: the
// write-through cache, id→type/subtype caches, per-type/subtype count
// rollups, statistics cache, graph-index singleton, and the BlobStorage
// instance (its LRU cache holds deleted blobs), then recount from the
// now-empty data area. Without the rollup reset, stats() would keep
// reporting per-type counts for deleted entities.
await this.reloadDerivedState()
}
/**
* Enhanced clear operation with safety mechanisms and performance optimizations
* Provides progress tracking, backup options, and instance name confirmation
*/
public async clearEnhanced(options: import('../enhancedClearOperations.js').ClearOptions = {}): Promise<import('../enhancedClearOperations.js').ClearResult> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
// Check if fs module is available
if (!fs || !fs.promises) {
throw new Error('FileSystemStorage.clearEnhanced: fs module not available')
}
const { EnhancedFileSystemClear } = await import('../enhancedClearOperations.js')
const enhancedClear = new EnhancedFileSystemClear(this.rootDir, fs, path)
const result = await enhancedClear.clear(options)
if (result.success) {
// Clear the statistics cache
this.statisticsCache = null
this.statisticsModified = false
}
return result
}
/**
* Get information about storage usage and capacity
*/
public async getStorageStatus(): Promise<{
type: string
used: number
quota: number | null
details?: Record<string, any>
}> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
// Check if fs module is available
if (!fs || !fs.promises) {
console.warn('FileSystemStorage.getStorageStatus: fs module not available, returning default values')
return {
type: 'filesystem',
used: 0,
quota: null,
details: {
nounsCount: 0,
verbsCount: 0,
metadataCount: 0,
directorySizes: {
nouns: 0,
verbs: 0,
metadata: 0,
index: 0
}
}
}
}
try {
// Calculate the total size of all files in the storage directories
let totalSize = 0
// Helper function to calculate directory size
const calculateSize = async (dirPath: string): Promise<number> => {
let size = 0
try {
const files = await fs.promises.readdir(dirPath)
for (const file of files) {
const filePath = path.join(dirPath, file)
const stats = await fs.promises.stat(filePath)
if (stats.isDirectory()) {
size += await calculateSize(filePath)
} else {
size += stats.size
}
}
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.code !== 'ENOENT') {
console.error(
`Error calculating size for directory ${dirPath}:`,
error
)
}
}
return size
}
// Calculate size for each directory
const nounsDirSize = await calculateSize(this.nounsDir)
const verbsDirSize = await calculateSize(this.verbsDir)
const metadataDirSize = await calculateSize(this.metadataDir)
const indexDirSize = await calculateSize(this.indexDir)
totalSize = nounsDirSize + verbsDirSize + metadataDirSize + indexDirSize
// CRITICAL FIX: Use persisted counts instead of directory reads
// This is O(1) instead of O(n), and handles sharded structure correctly
const nounsCount = this.totalNounCount
const verbsCount = this.totalVerbCount
// Count metadata files (these are NOT sharded)
const metadataCount = (
await fs.promises.readdir(this.metadataDir)
).filter((file: string) => file.endsWith('.json')).length
// Use persisted entity counts by type (O(1) instead of scanning all files)
const nounTypeCounts: Record<string, number> = Object.fromEntries(this.entityCounts)
// Skip the expensive metadata file scan since we have counts
const metadataFiles: string[] = [] // Empty array to skip the loop below
for (const file of metadataFiles) {
if (file.endsWith('.json')) {
try {
const filePath = path.join(this.metadataDir, file)
const data = await fs.promises.readFile(filePath, 'utf-8')
const metadata = JSON.parse(data)
if (metadata.noun) {
nounTypeCounts[metadata.noun] =
(nounTypeCounts[metadata.noun] || 0) + 1
}
} catch (error) {
console.error(`Error reading metadata file ${file}:`, error)
}
}
}
return {
type: 'filesystem',
used: totalSize,
quota: null, // File system doesn't provide quota information
details: {
rootDirectory: this.rootDir,
nounsCount,
verbsCount,
metadataCount,
nounsDirSize,
verbsDirSize,
metadataDirSize,
indexDirSize,
nounTypes: nounTypeCounts
}
}
} catch (error) {
console.error('Failed to get storage status:', error)
return {
type: 'filesystem',
used: 0,
quota: null,
details: { error: String(error) }
}
}
}
// Removed 10 *_internal method overrides - now inherit from BaseStorage's type-first implementation
// Removed 2 pagination methods (getNounsWithPagination, getVerbsWithPagination) - use BaseStorage's implementation
public override supportsMultiProcessLocking(): boolean {
return true
}
/**
* Acquire the process-level writer lock for this data directory. Called by
* `Brainy.init()` in writer mode. Refuses to open if another live writer
* holds the lock — the worst possible default is to "succeed" with stale
* indexes and silently lie about query results.
*
* Lock file: `<rootDir>/locks/_writer.lock`.
*
* Stale-lock detection: a lock is considered stale when ALL of:
* 1. Same hostname as the current process (cross-host PID checks are unsafe).
* 2. The recorded PID is no longer alive (`process.kill(pid, 0)` → ESRCH), OR
* `lastHeartbeat` is older than `WRITER_STALE_THRESHOLD_MS` (60s).
* Stale locks are overwritten with a warning. `force: true` overrides even live locks.
*/
public override async acquireWriterLock(options?: { force?: boolean }): Promise<WriterLockInfo | null> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
await this.ensureDirectoryExists(this.lockDir)
const lockFile = path.join(this.lockDir, FileSystemStorage.WRITER_LOCK_FILE)
const os = await import('node:os')
const hostname = os.hostname()
const now = new Date().toISOString()
const existing = await this.readWriterLock()
if (existing && !options?.force) {
// Same-process re-open: a second Brainy instance in this Node process
// (e.g. test "simulate server restart" patterns, or a consumer that
// explicitly re-instantiates without closing first). This isn't the
// dangerous cross-process case the lock exists to prevent — the two
// instances share a memory space and can't silently diverge from each
// other beyond what their callers already see. Warn and take over the lock.
if (existing.pid === (typeof process !== 'undefined' ? process.pid : 0) &&
existing.hostname === hostname) {
console.warn(
`[brainy] Re-acquiring writer lock for ${this.rootDir} held by the same process (PID ${existing.pid}). ` +
`If you intended to keep the previous Brainy instance alive, this is a bug — close it first.`
)
} else {
const stale = await this.isWriterLockStale(existing)
if (!stale) {
// Consumer-facing error contract: callers detect this case via
// err.code and read the holder's details from err.lockInfo.
const err = new Error(
`Another writer holds this Brainy directory.\n` +
` PID: ${existing.pid} on host ${existing.hostname}\n` +
` Started: ${existing.startedAt}\n` +
` Heartbeat: ${existing.lastHeartbeat}\n` +
` Version: ${existing.version}\n` +
` Directory: ${this.rootDir}\n\n` +
`For diagnostic queries against this live store, use:\n` +
` const reader = await Brainy.openReadOnly({ storage: { type: 'filesystem', path: '${this.rootDir}' } })\n\n` +
`If you have verified the existing lock is stale (e.g. a crashed writer on a different host that PID liveness cannot reach), pass { force: true }.`
) as Error & { code: string; lockInfo: WriterLockInfo }
err.code = 'BRAINY_WRITER_LOCKED'
err.lockInfo = existing
throw err
}
console.warn(
`[brainy] Overwriting stale writer lock for ${this.rootDir} ` +
`(PID ${existing.pid} on ${existing.hostname} appears dead).`
)
}
} else if (existing && options?.force) {
console.warn(
`[brainy] Force-overwriting writer lock for ${this.rootDir} ` +
`(was held by PID ${existing.pid} on ${existing.hostname}).`
)
}
const info: WriterLockInfo = {
pid: typeof process !== 'undefined' && process.pid ? process.pid : 0,
hostname,
startedAt: existing && options?.force ? existing.startedAt : now,
lastHeartbeat: now,
version: getBrainyVersion(),
rootDir: this.rootDir
}
await this.writeFileAtomic(lockFile, JSON.stringify(info, null, 2))
this.writerLockInfo = info
// Heartbeat — rewrite lastHeartbeat every WRITER_HEARTBEAT_MS so other
// processes can tell a live writer from one that crashed without releasing.
this.writerLockHeartbeat = setInterval(() => {
this.refreshWriterLockHeartbeat().catch((err) => {
console.warn('[brainy] Failed to refresh writer lock heartbeat:', err)
})
}, FileSystemStorage.WRITER_HEARTBEAT_MS)
if (typeof this.writerLockHeartbeat.unref === 'function') {
// Don't keep the event loop alive just for the heartbeat.
this.writerLockHeartbeat.unref()
}
return info
}
public override async releaseWriterLock(): Promise<void> {
if (this.writerLockHeartbeat) {
clearInterval(this.writerLockHeartbeat)
this.writerLockHeartbeat = undefined
}
if (!this.writerLockInfo) {
return
}
const lockFile = path.join(this.lockDir, FileSystemStorage.WRITER_LOCK_FILE)
try {
// Only delete if we still own it — avoid clobbering a successor that
// claimed the lock via force-override.
const current = await this.readWriterLock()
if (current && current.pid === this.writerLockInfo.pid && current.hostname === this.writerLockInfo.hostname) {
await fs.promises.unlink(lockFile)
}
} catch (err: any) {
if (err.code !== 'ENOENT') {
console.warn('[brainy] Failed to release writer lock file:', err)
}
} finally {
this.writerLockInfo = undefined
}
}
public override async readWriterLock(): Promise<WriterLockInfo | null> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const lockFile = path.join(this.lockDir, FileSystemStorage.WRITER_LOCK_FILE)
try {
const raw = await fs.promises.readFile(lockFile, 'utf-8')
return JSON.parse(raw) as WriterLockInfo
} catch (err: any) {
if (err.code === 'ENOENT') return null
console.warn('[brainy] Failed to read writer lock file:', err)
return null
}
}
/**
* Atomically refresh `lastHeartbeat` on the writer lock we own. Skips if the
* lock file has been deleted out from under us (e.g. operator removed it).
*/
private async refreshWriterLockHeartbeat(): Promise<void> {
if (!this.writerLockInfo) return
const current = await this.readWriterLock()
if (!current) return
// Defensive: don't overwrite if a successor claimed the lock.
if (current.pid !== this.writerLockInfo.pid || current.hostname !== this.writerLockInfo.hostname) {
return
}
const updated: WriterLockInfo = {
...this.writerLockInfo,
lastHeartbeat: new Date().toISOString()
}
const lockFile = path.join(this.lockDir, FileSystemStorage.WRITER_LOCK_FILE)
await this.writeFileAtomic(lockFile, JSON.stringify(updated, null, 2))
this.writerLockInfo = updated
}
/**
* Determine whether an existing writer lock is stale (safe to overwrite).
* Same hostname and (dead PID OR heartbeat older than threshold) → stale.
* Different hostname → cannot prove stale, treat as live.
*/
private async isWriterLockStale(lock: WriterLockInfo): Promise<boolean> {
const os = await import('node:os')
if (lock.hostname !== os.hostname()) {
return false
}
const heartbeatAge = Date.now() - new Date(lock.lastHeartbeat).getTime()
const pidAlive = this.isPidAlive(lock.pid)
if (!pidAlive) return true
return heartbeatAge > FileSystemStorage.WRITER_STALE_THRESHOLD_MS
}
/**
* `process.kill(pid, 0)` sends signal 0 — no signal is actually delivered;
* it just checks whether the kernel still considers `pid` reachable from
* this process. ESRCH = no such process. EPERM = exists but we can't signal
* it, which still proves it's alive.
*/
private isPidAlive(pid: number): boolean {
if (!pid || pid <= 0) return false
try {
process.kill(pid, 0)
return true
} catch (err: any) {
if (err.code === 'EPERM') return true
return false
}
}
/**
* Atomic write via temp-file-then-rename so concurrent readers never see a
* half-written lock JSON. Reused by writer-lock writes + heartbeat.
*/
private async writeFileAtomic(filePath: string, contents: string): Promise<void> {
const tmp = `${filePath}.tmp-${process.pid}-${Date.now()}`
await fs.promises.writeFile(tmp, contents)
await fs.promises.rename(tmp, filePath)
}
/**
* Start watching for cross-process flush requests. Called by Brainy.init()
* in writer mode. Polls `locks/_flush_requests/` every
* FLUSH_WATCH_INTERVAL_MS — each new `.req` file triggers the supplied
* callback (`brain.flush()`), after which an `.ack` is written to
* `locks/_flush_responses/` with the same request ID. Stale `.req` files
* (>FLUSH_REQUEST_TTL_MS) are garbage-collected on every tick.
*/
public override startFlushRequestWatcher(onRequest: () => Promise<void>): void {
if (this.flushWatcherInterval) return // already watching
this.flushWatcherOnRequest = onRequest
const reqDir = path.join(this.lockDir, FileSystemStorage.FLUSH_REQUEST_DIR)
const ackDir = path.join(this.lockDir, FileSystemStorage.FLUSH_RESPONSE_DIR)
// Ensure both dirs exist up front so the first .req drop doesn't race with mkdir.
this.ensureDirectoryExists(reqDir).catch(() => {})
this.ensureDirectoryExists(ackDir).catch(() => {})
this.flushWatcherInterval = setInterval(() => {
if (this.flushWatcherInFlight) return // skip overlapping tick
this.flushWatcherInFlight = true
this.processFlushRequests(reqDir, ackDir).finally(() => {
this.flushWatcherInFlight = false
})
}, FileSystemStorage.FLUSH_WATCH_INTERVAL_MS)
if (typeof this.flushWatcherInterval.unref === 'function') {
this.flushWatcherInterval.unref()
}
}
public override stopFlushRequestWatcher(): void {
if (this.flushWatcherInterval) {
clearInterval(this.flushWatcherInterval)
this.flushWatcherInterval = undefined
}
this.flushWatcherOnRequest = undefined
}
/**
* Process any pending `.req` files: invoke the flush callback once, then
* write an `.ack` for each request. Multiple requests that arrived in the
* same tick share a single flush — they all see the same ack timestamp.
*/
private async processFlushRequests(reqDir: string, ackDir: string): Promise<void> {
let entries: string[]
try {
entries = await fs.promises.readdir(reqDir)
} catch (err: any) {
if (err.code !== 'ENOENT') {
console.warn('[brainy] Flush watcher readdir failed:', err)
}
return
}
const reqs = entries.filter((e: string) => e.endsWith('.req'))
if (reqs.length === 0) return
// One flush per tick — N pending requests share it.
const callback = this.flushWatcherOnRequest
if (!callback) return
let flushError: Error | null = null
try {
await callback()
} catch (err: any) {
flushError = err instanceof Error ? err : new Error(String(err))
console.warn('[brainy] Flush callback threw inside flush-request watcher:', err)
}
const ackTimestamp = new Date().toISOString()
for (const filename of reqs) {
const requestId = filename.replace(/\.req$/, '')
const ackPath = path.join(ackDir, `${requestId}.ack`)
const ackBody = JSON.stringify({
requestId,
completedAt: ackTimestamp,
ok: !flushError,
error: flushError ? flushError.message : undefined
})
try {
await this.writeFileAtomic(ackPath, ackBody)
await fs.promises.unlink(path.join(reqDir, filename))
} catch (err: any) {
if (err.code !== 'ENOENT') {
console.warn('[brainy] Failed to write flush ack:', err)
}
}
}
// Garbage-collect stale .req files in case a watcher missed them (e.g.
// the writer was restarted between request and processing).
const now = Date.now()
for (const filename of entries) {
if (!filename.endsWith('.req')) continue
const fp = path.join(reqDir, filename)
try {
const stat = await fs.promises.stat(fp)
if (now - stat.mtimeMs > FileSystemStorage.FLUSH_REQUEST_TTL_MS) {
await fs.promises.unlink(fp).catch(() => {})
}
} catch {
// ignore — file already removed
}
}
}
/**
* Inspector side: drop a `.req` file and poll for the corresponding `.ack`.
* Returns true if the writer acknowledged in time, false on timeout.
*/
public override async requestFlushOverFilesystem(timeoutMs: number): Promise<boolean> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const reqDir = path.join(this.lockDir, FileSystemStorage.FLUSH_REQUEST_DIR)
const ackDir = path.join(this.lockDir, FileSystemStorage.FLUSH_RESPONSE_DIR)
await this.ensureDirectoryExists(reqDir)
await this.ensureDirectoryExists(ackDir)
const requestId = `${Date.now()}-${process.pid}-${Math.random().toString(36).slice(2, 10)}`
const reqPath = path.join(reqDir, `${requestId}.req`)
const ackPath = path.join(ackDir, `${requestId}.ack`)
const body = JSON.stringify({
requestId,
requestedAt: new Date().toISOString(),
requesterPid: process.pid
})
await this.writeFileAtomic(reqPath, body)
const deadline = Date.now() + timeoutMs
while (Date.now() < deadline) {
try {
await fs.promises.access(ackPath, fs.constants.F_OK)
await fs.promises.unlink(ackPath).catch(() => {})
return true
} catch {
// not yet
}
await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, FileSystemStorage.FLUSH_POLL_INTERVAL_MS))
}
// Timeout — best effort to clean up our request so the writer doesn't act
// on stale work later. Watcher will GC anyway after FLUSH_REQUEST_TTL_MS.
await fs.promises.unlink(reqPath).catch(() => {})
return false
}
/**
* Acquire a file-based lock for coordinating operations across multiple processes
* @param lockKey The key to lock on
* @param ttl Time to live for the lock in milliseconds (default: 30 seconds)
* @returns Promise that resolves to true if lock was acquired, false otherwise
*/
private async acquireLock(
lockKey: string,
ttl: number = 30000
): Promise<boolean> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
// Ensure lock directory exists
await this.ensureDirectoryExists(this.lockDir)
const lockFile = path.join(this.lockDir, `${lockKey}.lock`)
const lockValue = `${Date.now()}_${Math.random()}_${process.pid || 'unknown'}`
const expiresAt = Date.now() + ttl
try {
// Check if lock file already exists and is still valid
try {
const lockData = await fs.promises.readFile(lockFile, 'utf-8')
const lockInfo = JSON.parse(lockData)
if (lockInfo.expiresAt > Date.now()) {
// Lock exists and is still valid
return false
}
} catch (error: any) {
// If file doesn't exist or can't be read, we can proceed to create the lock
if (error.code !== 'ENOENT') {
console.warn(`Error reading lock file ${lockFile}:`, error)
}
}
// Try to create the lock file
const lockInfo = {
lockValue,
expiresAt,
pid: process.pid || 'unknown',
timestamp: Date.now()
}
await fs.promises.writeFile(lockFile, JSON.stringify(lockInfo, null, 2))
// Add to active locks for cleanup
this.activeLocks.add(lockKey)
// Schedule automatic cleanup when lock expires
setTimeout(() => {
this.releaseLock(lockKey, lockValue).catch((error) => {
console.warn(`Failed to auto-release expired lock ${lockKey}:`, error)
})
}, ttl)
return true
} catch (error) {
console.warn(`Failed to acquire lock ${lockKey}:`, error)
return false
}
}
/**
* Release a file-based lock
* @param lockKey The key to unlock
* @param lockValue The value used when acquiring the lock (for verification)
* @returns Promise that resolves when lock is released
*/
private async releaseLock(
lockKey: string,
lockValue?: string
): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const lockFile = path.join(this.lockDir, `${lockKey}.lock`)
try {
// If lockValue is provided, verify it matches before releasing
if (lockValue) {
try {
const lockData = await fs.promises.readFile(lockFile, 'utf-8')
const lockInfo = JSON.parse(lockData)
if (lockInfo.lockValue !== lockValue) {
// Lock was acquired by someone else, don't release it
return
}
} catch (error: any) {
// If lock file doesn't exist, that's fine
if (error.code === 'ENOENT') {
return
}
throw error
}
}
// Delete the lock file
await fs.promises.unlink(lockFile)
// Remove from active locks
this.activeLocks.delete(lockKey)
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.code !== 'ENOENT') {
console.warn(`Failed to release lock ${lockKey}:`, error)
}
}
}
/**
* Clean up expired lock files
*/
private async cleanupExpiredLocks(): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
try {
const lockFiles = await fs.promises.readdir(this.lockDir)
const now = Date.now()
for (const lockFile of lockFiles) {
if (!lockFile.endsWith('.lock')) continue
const lockPath = path.join(this.lockDir, lockFile)
try {
const lockData = await fs.promises.readFile(lockPath, 'utf-8')
const lockInfo = JSON.parse(lockData)
if (lockInfo.expiresAt <= now) {
await fs.promises.unlink(lockPath)
const lockKey = lockFile.replace('.lock', '')
this.activeLocks.delete(lockKey)
}
} catch (error) {
// If we can't read or parse the lock file, remove it
try {
await fs.promises.unlink(lockPath)
} catch (unlinkError) {
console.warn(
`Failed to cleanup invalid lock file ${lockPath}:`,
unlinkError
)
}
}
}
} catch (error) {
console.warn('Failed to cleanup expired locks:', error)
}
}
/**
* Save statistics data to storage with file-based locking
*/
protected async saveStatisticsData(
statistics: StatisticsData
): Promise<void> {
const lockKey = 'statistics'
const lockAcquired = await this.acquireLock(lockKey, 10000) // 10 second timeout
if (!lockAcquired) {
console.warn(
'Failed to acquire lock for statistics update, proceeding without lock'
)
}
try {
// Get existing statistics to merge with new data
const existingStats = await this.getStatisticsData()
if (existingStats) {
// Merge statistics data
const mergedStats: StatisticsData = {
totalNodes: Math.max(
statistics.totalNodes || 0,
existingStats.totalNodes || 0
),
totalEdges: Math.max(
statistics.totalEdges || 0,
existingStats.totalEdges || 0
),
totalMetadata: Math.max(
statistics.totalMetadata || 0,
existingStats.totalMetadata || 0
),
// Preserve any additional fields from existing stats
...existingStats,
// Override with new values where provided
...statistics,
// Always update lastUpdated to current time
lastUpdated: new Date().toISOString()
}
await this.saveStatisticsWithBackwardCompat(mergedStats)
} else {
// No existing statistics, save new ones
const newStats: StatisticsData = {
...statistics,
lastUpdated: new Date().toISOString()
}
await this.saveStatisticsWithBackwardCompat(newStats)
}
} finally {
if (lockAcquired) {
await this.releaseLock(lockKey)
}
}
}
/**
* Get statistics data from storage
*/
protected async getStatisticsData(): Promise<StatisticsData | null> {
try {
const statsPath = path.join(this.systemDir, `${STATISTICS_KEY}.json`)
const data = await fs.promises.readFile(statsPath, 'utf-8')
return JSON.parse(data)
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.code !== 'ENOENT') {
console.error('Error reading statistics:', error)
}
return null
}
}
/**
* Save statistics to storage
*/
private async saveStatisticsWithBackwardCompat(statistics: StatisticsData): Promise<void> {
const statsPath = path.join(this.systemDir, `${STATISTICS_KEY}.json`)
await this.ensureDirectoryExists(this.systemDir)
await fs.promises.writeFile(statsPath, JSON.stringify(statistics, null, 2))
}
// =============================================
// Count Management for O(1) Scalability
// =============================================
/**
* Initialize counts from filesystem storage
*/
protected async initializeCounts(): Promise<void> {
if (!this.countsFilePath) return
try {
if (await this.fileExists(this.countsFilePath)) {
const data = await fs.promises.readFile(this.countsFilePath, 'utf-8')
const counts = JSON.parse(data)
// Restore entity counts
this.entityCounts = new Map(Object.entries(counts.entityCounts || {}))
this.verbCounts = new Map(Object.entries(counts.verbCounts || {}))
this.totalNounCount = counts.totalNounCount || 0
this.totalVerbCount = counts.totalVerbCount || 0
// Also populate the cache for backward compatibility
this.countCache.set('nouns_count', {
count: this.totalNounCount,
timestamp: Date.now()
})
this.countCache.set('verbs_count', {
count: this.totalVerbCount,
timestamp: Date.now()
})
} else {
// If no counts file exists, do one initial count
await this.initializeCountsFromDisk()
}
} catch (error) {
console.warn('Could not load persisted counts, will initialize from disk:', error)
await this.initializeCountsFromDisk()
}
}
/**
* Initialize counts by scanning disk (only done once)
*/
private async initializeCountsFromDisk(): Promise<void> {
try {
// CRITICAL: Detect existing depth before counting
// Can't use getAllShardedFiles() which assumes depth=1
const existingDepth = await this.detectExistingShardingDepth()
const depthToUse = existingDepth !== null ? existingDepth : this.SHARDING_DEPTH
// Count nouns using detected depth
const validNounFiles = await this.getAllFilesAtDepth(this.nounsDir, depthToUse)
this.totalNounCount = validNounFiles.length
// Count verbs using detected depth
const validVerbFiles = await this.getAllFilesAtDepth(this.verbsDir, depthToUse)
this.totalVerbCount = validVerbFiles.length
// Sample some files to get type distribution (don't read all)
// Load metadata separately for type information
const sampleSize = Math.min(100, validNounFiles.length)
for (let i = 0; i < sampleSize; i++) {
try {
const file = validNounFiles[i]
const id = file.replace('.json', '')
// Load metadata from separate storage for type info
const metadata = await this.getNounMetadata(id)
if (metadata) {
const type = metadata.noun || 'default'
this.entityCounts.set(type, (this.entityCounts.get(type) || 0) + 1)
}
} catch {
// Skip invalid files or missing metadata
}
}
// Extrapolate counts if we sampled
if (sampleSize < this.totalNounCount && sampleSize > 0) {
const multiplier = this.totalNounCount / sampleSize
for (const [type, count] of this.entityCounts.entries()) {
this.entityCounts.set(type, Math.round(count * multiplier))
}
}
await this.persistCounts()
} catch (error) {
console.error('Error initializing counts from disk:', error)
}
}
/**
* Persist counts to filesystem storage
*/
protected async persistCounts(): Promise<void> {
if (!this.countsFilePath) return
try {
const counts = {
entityCounts: Object.fromEntries(this.entityCounts),
verbCounts: Object.fromEntries(this.verbCounts),
totalNounCount: this.totalNounCount,
totalVerbCount: this.totalVerbCount,
lastUpdated: new Date().toISOString()
}
await fs.promises.writeFile(
this.countsFilePath,
JSON.stringify(counts, null, 2)
)
} catch (error) {
console.error('Error persisting counts:', error)
}
}
// =============================================
// Intelligent Directory Sharding
// =============================================
/**
* Migrate files from one sharding depth to another
* Handles: 0→1 (flat to single-level), 2→1 (deep to single-level)
* Uses atomic file operations and comprehensive error handling
*
* @param fromDepth - Source sharding depth
* @param toDepth - Target sharding depth (must be 1)
*/
private async migrateShardingStructure(fromDepth: number, toDepth: number): Promise<void> {
// Validation
if (fromDepth === toDepth) {
throw new Error(`Migration not needed: already at depth ${toDepth}`)
}
if (toDepth !== 1) {
throw new Error(`Migration only supports target depth 1 (got ${toDepth})`)
}
if (fromDepth !== 0 && fromDepth !== 2) {
throw new Error(`Migration only supports source depth 0 or 2 (got ${fromDepth})`)
}
// Create migration lock to prevent concurrent migrations
const lockFile = path.join(this.systemDir, '.migration-lock')
const lockExists = await this.fileExists(lockFile)
if (lockExists) {
// Check if lock is stale (> 1 hour old)
try {
const stats = await fs.promises.stat(lockFile)
const lockAge = Date.now() - stats.mtimeMs
const ONE_HOUR = 60 * 60 * 1000
if (lockAge < ONE_HOUR) {
throw new Error(
'Migration already in progress. If this is incorrect, delete .migration-lock file.'
)
}
// Lock is stale, remove it
console.log('⚠️ Removing stale migration lock (> 1 hour old)')
await fs.promises.unlink(lockFile)
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.code !== 'ENOENT') {
throw error
}
}
}
try {
// Create lock file
await fs.promises.writeFile(lockFile, JSON.stringify({
startedAt: new Date().toISOString(),
fromDepth,
toDepth,
pid: process.pid
}))
// Discover all files to migrate
console.log('📊 Discovering files to migrate...')
const filesToMigrate = await this.discoverFilesForMigration(fromDepth)
if (filesToMigrate.length === 0) {
console.log(' No files to migrate')
return
}
console.log(`📦 Migrating ${filesToMigrate.length} files...`)
// Create all target shard directories upfront
await this.createAllShardDirectories(this.nounsDir)
await this.createAllShardDirectories(this.verbsDir)
// Migrate files with progress tracking
let migratedCount = 0
let skippedCount = 0
const errors: Array<{ file: string; error: string }> = []
for (const fileInfo of filesToMigrate) {
try {
await this.migrateFile(fileInfo, fromDepth, toDepth)
migratedCount++
// Progress update every 1000 files
if (migratedCount % 1000 === 0) {
const percent = ((migratedCount / filesToMigrate.length) * 100).toFixed(1)
console.log(` 📊 Progress: ${migratedCount}/${filesToMigrate.length} (${percent}%)`)
}
// Yield to event loop every 100 files to prevent blocking
if (migratedCount % 100 === 0) {
await new Promise(resolve => setImmediate(resolve))
}
} catch (error: any) {
skippedCount++
errors.push({
file: fileInfo.oldPath,
error: error.message
})
// Log first few errors
if (errors.length <= 5) {
console.warn(`⚠️ Skipped ${fileInfo.oldPath}: ${error.message}`)
}
}
}
// Final summary
console.log(`\n✅ Migration Results:`)
console.log(` Migrated: ${migratedCount} files`)
console.log(` Skipped: ${skippedCount} files`)
if (errors.length > 0) {
console.warn(`\n⚠ ${errors.length} files could not be migrated`)
if (errors.length > 5) {
console.warn(` (First 5 errors shown above, ${errors.length - 5} more occurred)`)
}
}
// Cleanup: Remove empty old directories
if (fromDepth === 0) {
// No subdirectories to clean for flat structure
} else if (fromDepth === 2) {
await this.cleanupEmptyDirectories(this.nounsDir, fromDepth)
await this.cleanupEmptyDirectories(this.verbsDir, fromDepth)
}
// Verification: Count files in new structure
const verifyCount = await this.countFilesInStructure(toDepth)
console.log(`\n🔍 Verification: ${verifyCount} files in new structure`)
if (verifyCount < migratedCount) {
console.warn(`⚠️ Warning: Verification count (${verifyCount}) < migrated count (${migratedCount})`)
}
} finally {
// Always remove lock file
try {
await fs.promises.unlink(lockFile)
} catch (error) {
// Ignore error if lock file doesn't exist
}
}
}
/**
* Discover all files that need to be migrated
* Constructs correct oldPath based on source depth
*/
private async discoverFilesForMigration(fromDepth: number): Promise<Array<{ oldPath: string; id: string; type: 'noun' | 'verb' }>> {
const files: Array<{ oldPath: string; id: string; type: 'noun' | 'verb' }> = []
// Discover noun files
const nounFiles = await this.getAllFilesAtDepth(this.nounsDir, fromDepth)
for (const filename of nounFiles) {
const id = filename.replace('.json', '')
// Construct correct oldPath based on fromDepth
let oldPath: string
switch (fromDepth) {
case 0:
// Flat: nouns/uuid.json
oldPath = path.join(this.nounsDir, `${id}.json`)
break
case 1:
// Single-level: nouns/ab/uuid.json
oldPath = path.join(this.nounsDir, id.substring(0, 2), `${id}.json`)
break
case 2:
// Deep: nouns/ab/cd/uuid.json
oldPath = path.join(this.nounsDir, id.substring(0, 2), id.substring(2, 4), `${id}.json`)
break
default:
throw new Error(`Unsupported fromDepth: ${fromDepth}`)
}
files.push({ oldPath, id, type: 'noun' })
}
// Discover verb files
const verbFiles = await this.getAllFilesAtDepth(this.verbsDir, fromDepth)
for (const filename of verbFiles) {
const id = filename.replace('.json', '')
// Construct correct oldPath based on fromDepth
let oldPath: string
switch (fromDepth) {
case 0:
// Flat: verbs/uuid.json
oldPath = path.join(this.verbsDir, `${id}.json`)
break
case 1:
// Single-level: verbs/ab/uuid.json
oldPath = path.join(this.verbsDir, id.substring(0, 2), `${id}.json`)
break
case 2:
// Deep: verbs/ab/cd/uuid.json
oldPath = path.join(this.verbsDir, id.substring(0, 2), id.substring(2, 4), `${id}.json`)
break
default:
throw new Error(`Unsupported fromDepth: ${fromDepth}`)
}
files.push({ oldPath, id, type: 'verb' })
}
return files
}
/**
* Get all files at a specific depth
*/
private async getAllFilesAtDepth(baseDir: string, depth: number): Promise<string[]> {
const allFiles: string[] = []
try {
const dirExists = await this.directoryExists(baseDir)
if (!dirExists) {
return []
}
switch (depth) {
case 0:
// Flat: files directly in baseDir
const entries = await fs.promises.readdir(baseDir)
for (const entry of entries) {
if (entry.endsWith('.json')) {
allFiles.push(entry)
}
}
break
case 1:
// Single-level: baseDir/ab/uuid.json
const shardDirs = await fs.promises.readdir(baseDir)
for (const shard of shardDirs) {
const shardPath = path.join(baseDir, shard)
try {
const stat = await fs.promises.stat(shardPath)
if (stat.isDirectory()) {
const shardFiles = await fs.promises.readdir(shardPath)
for (const file of shardFiles) {
if (file.endsWith('.json')) {
allFiles.push(file)
}
}
}
} catch (error) {
// Skip inaccessible directories
}
}
break
case 2:
// Deep: baseDir/ab/cd/uuid.json
const level1Dirs = await fs.promises.readdir(baseDir)
for (const level1 of level1Dirs) {
const level1Path = path.join(baseDir, level1)
try {
const level1Stat = await fs.promises.stat(level1Path)
if (level1Stat.isDirectory()) {
const level2Dirs = await fs.promises.readdir(level1Path)
for (const level2 of level2Dirs) {
const level2Path = path.join(level1Path, level2)
try {
const level2Stat = await fs.promises.stat(level2Path)
if (level2Stat.isDirectory()) {
const files = await fs.promises.readdir(level2Path)
for (const file of files) {
if (file.endsWith('.json')) {
allFiles.push(file)
}
}
}
} catch (error) {
// Skip inaccessible directories
}
}
}
} catch (error) {
// Skip inaccessible directories
}
}
break
}
} catch (error) {
// Directory doesn't exist or not accessible
}
return allFiles
}
/**
* Create all 256 shard directories (00-ff)
*/
private async createAllShardDirectories(baseDir: string): Promise<void> {
for (let i = 0; i < this.MAX_SHARDS; i++) {
const shard = i.toString(16).padStart(2, '0')
const shardDir = path.join(baseDir, shard)
await this.ensureDirectoryExists(shardDir)
}
}
/**
* Migrate a single file atomically
*/
private async migrateFile(
fileInfo: { oldPath: string; id: string; type: 'noun' | 'verb' },
fromDepth: number,
toDepth: number
): Promise<void> {
const baseDir = fileInfo.type === 'noun' ? this.nounsDir : this.verbsDir
// Calculate old path (already known)
const oldPath = fileInfo.oldPath
// Calculate new path using target depth
const shard = fileInfo.id.substring(0, 2).toLowerCase()
const newPath = path.join(baseDir, shard, `${fileInfo.id}.json`)
// Check if file already exists at new location
if (await this.fileExists(newPath)) {
// File already migrated or duplicate - skip
return
}
// Atomic rename/move
await fs.promises.rename(oldPath, newPath)
}
/**
* Clean up empty directories after migration
*/
private async cleanupEmptyDirectories(baseDir: string, depth: number): Promise<void> {
try {
if (depth === 2) {
// Clean up level2 and level1 directories
const level1Dirs = await fs.promises.readdir(baseDir)
for (const level1 of level1Dirs) {
const level1Path = path.join(baseDir, level1)
try {
const level1Stat = await fs.promises.stat(level1Path)
if (level1Stat.isDirectory()) {
const level2Dirs = await fs.promises.readdir(level1Path)
for (const level2 of level2Dirs) {
const level2Path = path.join(level1Path, level2)
try {
// Try to remove level2 directory (will fail if not empty)
await fs.promises.rmdir(level2Path)
} catch (error) {
// Directory not empty or other error - ignore
}
}
// Try to remove level1 directory
await fs.promises.rmdir(level1Path)
}
} catch (error) {
// Directory not empty or other error - ignore
}
}
}
} catch (error) {
// Cleanup is best-effort, don't throw
}
}
/**
* Count files in the current structure
*/
private async countFilesInStructure(depth: number): Promise<number> {
let count = 0
count += (await this.getAllFilesAtDepth(this.nounsDir, depth)).length
count += (await this.getAllFilesAtDepth(this.verbsDir, depth)).length
return count
}
/**
* Detect the actual sharding depth used by existing files
* Examines directory structure to determine current sharding strategy
* Returns null if no files exist yet (new installation)
*/
private async detectExistingShardingDepth(): Promise<number | null> {
try {
// Check if nouns directory exists and has content
const dirExists = await this.directoryExists(this.nounsDir)
if (!dirExists) {
return null // New installation
}
const entries = await fs.promises.readdir(this.nounsDir, { withFileTypes: true })
// Check if there are any .json files directly in nounsDir (flat structure)
const hasDirectJsonFiles = entries.some((e: any) => e.isFile() && e.name.endsWith('.json'))
if (hasDirectJsonFiles) {
return 0 // Flat structure: nouns/uuid.json
}
// Check for subdirectories with hex names (sharding directories)
const subdirs = entries.filter((e: any) => e.isDirectory() && /^[0-9a-f]{2}$/i.test(e.name))
if (subdirs.length === 0) {
return null // No files yet
}
// Check first subdir to see if it has files or more subdirs
const firstSubdir = subdirs[0].name
const subdirPath = path.join(this.nounsDir, firstSubdir)
const subdirEntries = await fs.promises.readdir(subdirPath, { withFileTypes: true })
const hasJsonFiles = subdirEntries.some((e: any) => e.isFile() && e.name.endsWith('.json'))
if (hasJsonFiles) {
return 1 // Single-level sharding: nouns/ab/uuid.json
}
const hasSubSubdirs = subdirEntries.some((e: any) => e.isDirectory() && /^[0-9a-f]{2}$/i.test(e.name))
if (hasSubSubdirs) {
return 2 // Deep sharding: nouns/ab/cd/uuid.json
}
return 1 // Default to single-level if structure is unclear
} catch (error) {
// If we can't read the directory, assume new installation
return null
}
}
/**
* Get sharding depth
* Always returns 1 (single-level sharding) for optimal balance of
* simplicity, performance, and reliability across all dataset sizes
*
* Single-level sharding (depth=1):
* - 256 shard directories (00-ff)
* - Handles 2.5M+ entities with excellent performance
* - No dynamic depth changes = no path mismatch bugs
* - Industry standard approach (Git uses similar)
*/
private getOptimalShardingDepth(): number {
return this.SHARDING_DEPTH
}
/**
* Get the path for a node with consistent sharding strategy
* Clean, predictable path generation
*/
private getNodePath(id: string): string {
return this.getShardedPath(this.nounsDir, id)
}
/**
* Get the path for a verb with consistent sharding strategy
*/
private getVerbPath(id: string): string {
return this.getShardedPath(this.verbsDir, id)
}
/**
* Universal sharded path generator
* Always uses depth=1 (single-level sharding) for consistency
*
* Format: baseDir/ab/uuid.json
* Where 'ab' = first 2 hex characters of UUID (lowercase)
*
* Validates UUID format and throws descriptive errors
*/
private getShardedPath(baseDir: string, id: string): string {
// Extract first 2 characters for shard directory
const shard = id.substring(0, 2).toLowerCase()
// Validate shard is valid hex (00-ff)
if (!/^[0-9a-f]{2}$/.test(shard)) {
throw new Error(
`Invalid entity ID format: ${id}. ` +
`Expected UUID starting with 2 hex characters, got '${shard}'. ` +
`IDs must be UUIDs or hex strings.`
)
}
// Single-level sharding: baseDir/ab/uuid.json
return path.join(baseDir, shard, `${id}.json`)
}
/**
* Get all JSON files from the single-level sharded directory structure
* Traverses all shard subdirectories (00-ff)
*/
private async getAllShardedFiles(baseDir: string): Promise<string[]> {
const allFiles: string[] = []
try {
const shardDirs = await fs.promises.readdir(baseDir)
for (const shardDir of shardDirs) {
const shardPath = path.join(baseDir, shardDir)
try {
const stat = await fs.promises.stat(shardPath)
if (stat.isDirectory()) {
const shardFiles = await fs.promises.readdir(shardPath)
for (const file of shardFiles) {
if (file.endsWith('.json')) {
allFiles.push(file)
}
}
}
} catch (shardError) {
// Skip inaccessible shard directories
continue
}
}
// Sort for consistent ordering
allFiles.sort()
return allFiles
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.code === 'ENOENT') {
// Directory doesn't exist yet
return []
}
throw error
}
}
/**
* Production-scale streaming pagination for very large datasets
* Avoids loading all filenames into memory
*/
private async getVerbsWithPaginationStreaming(
options: {
limit?: number
cursor?: string
filter?: {
verbType?: string | string[]
sourceId?: string | string[]
targetId?: string | string[]
service?: string | string[]
metadata?: Record<string, any>
}
},
startIndex: number,
limit: number
): Promise<{
items: HNSWVerbWithMetadata[]
totalCount?: number
hasMore: boolean
nextCursor?: string
}> {
const verbs: HNSWVerbWithMetadata[] = []
let processedCount = 0
let skippedCount = 0
let resultCount = 0
const depth = this.cachedShardingDepth ?? this.getOptimalShardingDepth()
try {
// Stream through sharded directories efficiently
// hasMore=false means we reached the end of files, hasMore=true means streaming stopped early
const streamingHasMore = await this.streamShardedFiles(
this.verbsDir,
depth,
async (filename: string, filePath: string) => {
// Skip files until we reach start index
if (skippedCount < startIndex) {
skippedCount++
return true // continue
}
// Stop if we have enough results
if (resultCount >= limit) {
return false // stop streaming - more files exist
}
try {
const id = filename.replace('.json', '')
// Read verb data and metadata
const data = await fs.promises.readFile(filePath, 'utf-8')
const edge = JSON.parse(data)
const metadata = await this.getVerbMetadata(id)
// Don't skip verbs without metadata - metadata is optional
// FIX: This was the root cause of the VFS bug (11 versions)
// Verbs can exist without metadata files (e.g., from imports/migrations)
// Convert connections if needed
let connections = edge.connections
if (connections && typeof connections === 'object' && !(connections instanceof Map)) {
const connectionsMap = new Map<number, Set<string>>()
for (const [level, nodeIds] of Object.entries(connections)) {
connectionsMap.set(Number(level), new Set(nodeIds as string[]))
}
connections = connectionsMap
}
// Canonical hydration (single source of truth:
// src/types/reservedFields.ts) — reserved fields top-level, ONLY
// custom fields in `metadata`. The previous hand-rolled
// destructure here missed `subtype` (so streamed verbs lost it)
// and `verb` (so the type key echoed inside custom metadata).
const verbWithMetadata: HNSWVerbWithMetadata = this.hydrateVerbWithMetadata(
{
id: edge.id,
vector: edge.vector,
connections: connections || new Map(),
verb: edge.verb,
sourceId: edge.sourceId,
targetId: edge.targetId
},
metadata
)
// Apply filters
if (options.filter) {
const filter = options.filter
if (filter.verbType) {
const types = Array.isArray(filter.verbType) ? filter.verbType : [filter.verbType]
if (!types.includes(verbWithMetadata.verb)) return true // continue
}
if (filter.sourceId) {
const sources = Array.isArray(filter.sourceId) ? filter.sourceId : [filter.sourceId]
if (!sources.includes(verbWithMetadata.sourceId)) return true // continue
}
if (filter.targetId) {
const targets = Array.isArray(filter.targetId) ? filter.targetId : [filter.targetId]
if (!targets.includes(verbWithMetadata.targetId)) return true // continue
}
}
verbs.push(verbWithMetadata)
resultCount++
processedCount++
return true // continue
} catch (error) {
console.warn(`Failed to read verb from ${filePath}:`, error)
processedCount++
return true // continue
}
}
)
// CRITICAL FIX: Use streaming result for hasMore, not cached totalVerbCount
// streamingHasMore=false means we exhausted all files
// Also verify we loaded items to prevent infinite loops
const finalHasMore = streamingHasMore && (resultCount > 0 || startIndex === 0)
return {
items: verbs,
totalCount: this.totalVerbCount || undefined, // Return cached count as hint only
hasMore: finalHasMore,
nextCursor: finalHasMore ? String(startIndex + resultCount) : undefined
}
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.code === 'ENOENT') {
return {
items: [],
totalCount: 0,
hasMore: false
}
}
throw error
}
}
/**
* Stream through sharded files without loading all names into memory
* Production-scale implementation for millions of files
*/
/**
* Stream through files in single-level sharded structure
* Calls processor for each file until processor returns false
* Returns true if more files exist (processor stopped early), false if all processed
*/
private async streamShardedFiles(
baseDir: string,
depth: number,
processor: (filename: string, fullPath: string) => Promise<boolean>
): Promise<boolean> {
let hasMore = true
// Single-level sharding (depth=1): baseDir/ab/uuid.json
try {
const shardDirs = await fs.promises.readdir(baseDir)
const sortedShardDirs = shardDirs.sort()
for (const shardDir of sortedShardDirs) {
const shardPath = path.join(baseDir, shardDir)
try {
const stat = await fs.promises.stat(shardPath)
if (stat.isDirectory()) {
const files = await fs.promises.readdir(shardPath)
const sortedFiles = files.filter((f: string) => f.endsWith('.json')).sort()
for (const file of sortedFiles) {
const shouldContinue = await processor(file, path.join(shardPath, file))
if (!shouldContinue) {
hasMore = false
break
}
}
if (!hasMore) break
}
} catch (shardError) {
// Skip inaccessible shard directories
continue
}
}
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.code === 'ENOENT') {
hasMore = false
}
}
return hasMore
}
/**
* Check if a file exists (handles both sharded and non-sharded)
*/
private async fileExists(filePath: string): Promise<boolean> {
try {
await fs.promises.access(filePath, fs.constants.F_OK)
return true
} catch {
return false
}
}
// =============================================
// HNSW Index Persistence
// =============================================
/**
* Get vector for a noun
* Uses BaseStorage's getNoun (type-first paths)
*/
public async getNounVector(id: string): Promise<number[] | null> {
const noun = await this.getNoun(id)
return noun ? noun.vector : null
}
/**
* Save HNSW graph data for a noun
*
* Uses BaseStorage's getNoun/saveNoun (type-first paths)
* CRITICAL: Preserves mutex locking to prevent read-modify-write races
*/
public async saveVectorIndexData(nounId: string, hnswData: {
level: number
connections: Record<string, string[]>
}): Promise<void> {
const lockKey = `hnsw/${nounId}`
// CRITICAL FIX: Mutex lock to prevent read-modify-write races
// Problem: Without mutex, concurrent operations can:
// 1. Thread A reads noun (connections: [1,2,3])
// 2. Thread B reads noun (connections: [1,2,3])
// 3. Thread A adds connection 4, writes [1,2,3,4]
// 4. Thread B adds connection 5, writes [1,2,3,5] ← Connection 4 LOST!
// Solution: Mutex serializes operations per entity (like Memory/OPFS adapters)
// Production scale: Prevents corruption at 1000+ concurrent operations
// Wait for any pending operations on this entity
while (this.hnswLocks.has(lockKey)) {
await this.hnswLocks.get(lockKey)
}
// Acquire lock
let releaseLock!: () => void
const lockPromise = new Promise<void>(resolve => { releaseLock = resolve })
this.hnswLocks.set(lockKey, lockPromise)
try {
// Use BaseStorage's getNoun (type-first paths)
// Read existing noun data (if exists)
const existingNoun = await this.getNoun(nounId)
if (!existingNoun) {
// Noun doesn't exist - cannot update HNSW data for non-existent noun
throw new Error(`Cannot save HNSW data: noun ${nounId} not found`)
}
// Convert connections from Record to Map format for storage
const connectionsMap = new Map<number, Set<string>>()
for (const [level, nodeIds] of Object.entries(hnswData.connections)) {
connectionsMap.set(Number(level), new Set(nodeIds))
}
// Preserve id and vector, update only HNSW graph metadata
const updatedNoun: HNSWNoun = {
...existingNoun,
level: hnswData.level,
connections: connectionsMap
}
// Use BaseStorage's saveNoun (type-first paths, atomic write)
await this.saveNoun(updatedNoun)
} finally {
// Release lock (ALWAYS runs, even if error thrown)
this.hnswLocks.delete(lockKey)
releaseLock()
}
}
/**
* Get HNSW graph data for a noun
* Uses BaseStorage's getNoun (type-first paths)
*/
public async getVectorIndexData(nounId: string): Promise<{
level: number
connections: Record<string, string[]>
} | null> {
const noun = await this.getNoun(nounId)
if (!noun) {
return null
}
// Convert connections from Map to Record format
const connectionsRecord: Record<string, string[]> = {}
if (noun.connections) {
for (const [level, nodeIds] of noun.connections.entries()) {
connectionsRecord[String(level)] = Array.from(nodeIds)
}
}
return {
level: noun.level || 0,
connections: connectionsRecord
}
}
/**
* Save HNSW system data (entry point, max level)
*
* CRITICAL FIX: Mutex lock + atomic write to prevent race conditions
*/
public async saveHNSWSystem(systemData: {
entryPointId: string | null
maxLevel: number
}): Promise<void> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const lockKey = 'hnsw/system'
// CRITICAL FIX: Mutex lock to serialize system updates
// System data (entry point, max level) updated frequently during HNSW construction
// Without mutex, concurrent updates can lose data (same as entity-level problem)
// Wait for any pending system updates
while (this.hnswLocks.has(lockKey)) {
await this.hnswLocks.get(lockKey)
}
// Acquire lock
let releaseLock!: () => void
const lockPromise = new Promise<void>(resolve => { releaseLock = resolve })
this.hnswLocks.set(lockKey, lockPromise)
try {
const filePath = path.join(this.systemDir, 'hnsw-system.json')
const tempPath = `${filePath}.tmp.${Date.now()}.${Math.random().toString(36).substring(2)}`
try {
// Write to temp file
await this.ensureDirectoryExists(path.dirname(tempPath))
await fs.promises.writeFile(tempPath, JSON.stringify(systemData, null, 2))
// Atomic rename temp → final (POSIX atomicity guarantee)
await fs.promises.rename(tempPath, filePath)
} catch (error: any) {
// Clean up temp file on any error
try {
await fs.promises.unlink(tempPath)
} catch (cleanupError) {
// Ignore cleanup errors
}
throw error
}
} finally {
// Release lock
this.hnswLocks.delete(lockKey)
releaseLock()
}
}
/**
* Get HNSW system data
*/
public async getHNSWSystem(): Promise<{
entryPointId: string | null
maxLevel: number
} | null> {
await this.ensureInitialized()
const filePath = path.join(this.systemDir, 'hnsw-system.json')
try {
const data = await fs.promises.readFile(filePath, 'utf-8')
return JSON.parse(data)
} catch (error: any) {
if (error.code !== 'ENOENT') {
console.error('Error reading HNSW system data:', error)
}
return null
}
}
}