fix: commit() now flushes and captures state by default

commit() previously defaulted captureState to false, creating commits
with NULL_HASH tree that could never be restored from. Now:

- flush() runs first to persist deferred HNSW nodes, count batches,
  and index state before snapshotting
- captureState defaults to true, creating real content-addressed trees
- captureState: false still available for lightweight metadata-only commits

src/brainy.ts

@@ -3411,8 +3411,21 @@ export class Brainy<T = any> implements BrainyInterface<T> {
 
   /**
    * Create a commit with current state
-   * @param options - Commit options (message, author, metadata)
+   *
-   * @returns Commit hash
+   * Flushes all buffered data to disk, captures a full state snapshot
+   * (entities + relationships) into a content-addressed tree, then creates
+   * an immutable commit object pointing to that tree.
+   *
+   * By default, every commit captures a complete snapshot that can be
+   * restored via time-travel. Pass `captureState: false` for a lightweight
+   * metadata-only commit (tree hash will be NULL_HASH).
+   *
+   * @param options - Commit options
+   * @param options.message - Human-readable commit message
+   * @param options.author - Author identifier (email, username, or 'system')
+   * @param options.metadata - Arbitrary key-value metadata stored with the commit
+   * @param options.captureState - Capture entity snapshots for time-travel (default: true)
+   * @returns Commit hash (64-char hex SHA-256)
    *
    * @example
    * ```typescript
@@ -3427,7 +3440,7 @@ export class Brainy<T = any> implements BrainyInterface<T> {
     message?: string
     author?: string
     metadata?: Record<string, any>
-    captureState?: boolean  // Capture entity snapshots for time-travel
+    captureState?: boolean
   }): Promise<string> {
     await this.ensureInitialized()
 
@@ -3435,6 +3448,11 @@ export class Brainy<T = any> implements BrainyInterface<T> {
         throw new Error('Commit requires COW-enabled storage')
       }
 
+      // Flush all buffered data to disk before creating the snapshot.
+      // Without this, deferred HNSW nodes, pending count batches, and
+      // unflushed index state could be missing from the commit tree.
+      await this.flush()
+
       const refManager = (this.storage as any).refManager
       const blobStorage = (this.storage as any).blobStorage
       const currentBranch = await this.getCurrentBranch()
@@ -3449,15 +3467,18 @@ export class Brainy<T = any> implements BrainyInterface<T> {
       // Import NULL_HASH constant
       const { NULL_HASH } = await import('./storage/cow/constants.js')
 
-      // Capture entity state if requested (for time-travel)
+      // Capture entity state to tree (default: true).
+      // Only skip when caller explicitly passes captureState: false
+      // for a lightweight metadata-only commit.
+      const shouldCapture = options?.captureState !== false
       let treeHash = NULL_HASH
-      if (options?.captureState) {
+      if (shouldCapture) {
         treeHash = await this.captureStateToTree()
       }
 
       // Build commit object using builder pattern
       const builder = CommitBuilder.create(blobStorage)
-        .tree(treeHash) // Use captured state tree or NULL_HASH
+        .tree(treeHash)
         .message(options?.message || 'Snapshot commit')
         .author(options?.author || 'unknown')
         .timestamp(Date.now())
@@ -3490,7 +3511,7 @@ export class Brainy<T = any> implements BrainyInterface<T> {
 
   /**
    * Capture current entity and relationship state to tree object
-   * Used by commit({ captureState: true }) for time-travel
+   * Called by commit() by default for full state snapshots
    *
    * Serializes ALL entities + relationships to blobs and builds a tree.
    * BlobStorage automatically deduplicates unchanged data.

tests/integration/commit-state-capture.test.ts

@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@
  * historical time-travel by capturing entity snapshots in trees.
  *
  * Tests:
- * 1. Backward compatibility (captureState: false uses NULL_HASH)
+ * 1. Lightweight commit (captureState: false uses NULL_HASH)
- * 2. State capture (captureState: true creates tree)
+ * 2. Default behavior (captureState omitted → captures state)
  * 3. Empty workspace handling
  * 4. Performance benchmarks (100, 1K, 10K entities)
  * 5. BlobStorage deduplication
@@ -56,10 +56,10 @@ describe('Commit State Capture (v5.4.0)', () => {
     // Add some entities
     await brain.add({ type: 'concept', data: { title: 'Test' } })
 
-    // Commit WITHOUT captureState (default behavior)
+    // Commit with explicit captureState: false (lightweight metadata-only commit)
     const commitId = await brain.commit({
       message: 'Test commit',
-      captureState: false  // Explicit false
+      captureState: false  // Explicit false — skips state capture
     })
 
     console.log(`   Commit ID: ${commitId.slice(0, 8)}`)
@@ -76,15 +76,15 @@ describe('Commit State Capture (v5.4.0)', () => {
     console.log(`   ✅ Tree is NULL_HASH (backward compatible)`)
   })
 
-  it('should use NULL_HASH when captureState is omitted (default)', async () => {
+  it('should capture state when captureState is omitted (default: true)', async () => {
-    console.log('\n📋 Test 2: Default behavior (captureState omitted)')
+    console.log('\n📋 Test 2: Default behavior (captureState omitted → captures state)')
 
     await brain.add({ type: 'concept', data: { title: 'Test' } })
 
-    // Commit WITHOUT captureState parameter (omitted = default)
+    // Commit WITHOUT captureState parameter (omitted = default true)
     const commitId = await brain.commit({
       message: 'Test commit'
-      // captureState not specified
+      // captureState not specified → defaults to true
     })
 
     const blobStorage = (brain.storage as any).blobStorage
@@ -93,8 +93,9 @@ describe('Commit State Capture (v5.4.0)', () => {
 
     const commit = await CommitObject.read(blobStorage, commitId)
 
-    expect(commit.tree).toBe(NULL_HASH)
+    // Default behavior now captures state (tree hash is NOT null)
-    console.log(`   ✅ Tree is NULL_HASH (default behavior)`)
+    expect(commit.tree).not.toBe(NULL_HASH)
+    console.log(`   ✅ Tree is ${commit.tree.slice(0, 8)}... (state captured by default)`)
   })
 
   it('should capture entity state when captureState is true', async () => {